Chitsauko 11 rudzi rwekubhadhara iyo vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa nezvavo asi vashomanana vanoziva zvakawanda pamusoro. Kazhinji, iwe wakanzwa nezvekambani huru yakadai seGeneral Motors kana Macy's filing, asi haisi ivo vatambi vese vanofaira.
Bhizimisi duku uye dzimwe nguva kunyange vanhu vanofaira zvakare.
Chitsauko 11 chinonyanya kushandiswa nebhizinesi rekugadzirisa chikwereti chayo pasi pekudzivirirwa kwedare rebhengi. Kune vakawanda vakakura (uye vaduku) vashandi, inopa nzira yekudzivirira bhizinesi uye yekambani yemari apo inotaurirana nemitemo mitsva nevatengi vayo.
Kune chimwe Chitsauko 11 vane chikwereti (ndizvo zvatinoshevedza munhu kana kuti kambani inoshandisa nyaya yekudarika), Chitsauko 11 nyaya ndiyo nzira yekuisa iyo kambani inotengeswa kana kutengesa zvinhu kana kuitisa zvakarongeka.
Zvimwe Chitsauko 11 zviitiko zvakabudirira zvikuru (funga General General Motors na Chrysler), asi vamwe vasiri (Lehman Brothers, Washington Mutual). Muna 2013, inenge 9 000 Chitsauko 11 mhosva dzakapiwa mumatare e bankruptcy. Pakazosvika gore ra2016 nhamba iyoyo yakanga yasvika kune vanopfuura 7,000.
Apo kambani inowanikwa muChitsauko 11, vashandi vanonzwisisika vanotya. Vakawanda vanopukunyuka hondo-vaneta vanopukunyuka maitiro akawanda, kucheneswa, nekubatana.
Nyaya iyi inotsvaga dzimwe nzira iyo Chitsauko 11 chinokanganisa vashandi vacho, uye chii chaunoda kuziva kana kambani yako ichibatana.
Kodzero dzako sevashandi dzinopesana zvichienderana neyokuti kambani yako yakapa Chitsauko 7 chekuregererwa kwemhosva kana Chitsauko 11zve kugadzirisa nyaya. Zvinosuruvarisa kune vashandi vakawanda, zviitiko zvinotanga sekugadziridza zvakare zvinowanzoshandurwa kuChitsauko 7 uye zvinopedzisira zvichibuda kunze kwebhizimisi.
Chimiro chaJobho
Apo kambani inoshandisa faira Chitsauko 7, inogumira kuita bhizinesi, asi kambani inosasa Chitsauko 11 chinowanzoda kuenderera mberi mubhizinesi apo inotaurirana nevanoita chikwereti kugadzirisazve chikwereti chayo. Zvinodaro pasi pekudzivirirwa kwedare rekudarika, zvinoreva kuti zvizhinji zvezviito zvaro zvinotenderwa nemutongi wekushungurudza, uye vane chikwereti vanofanirwawo kutsvaga mvumo yematare vasati vatora matanho anopesana nekambani.
Kuva nechido chekugadzirisazve chikwereti kazhinji kunoreva kuti mari yekambani yakaderera uye inoshandiswa kwayo yakakwirira. Mari inoshandiswa nevanoshanda, kusanganisira mubhadharo, pensions nezvimwe zvikomborero, kazhinji zvinomiririra kambani inonyanya kushandiswa mari imwe chete, uye hazvisi zvisizvo kune vane chikwereti kuti vatsvake kuti vatungamiri vatore matanho ekuderedza mari yebasa. Nokudaro, kuregererwa muChitsauko 11 nenyaya dzisiri dzisiri. Kurasikirwa uye maitiro emabasa zvinofanira kuramba zvichiteerera kuhurumende uye hurumende mitemo uye mitemo.
Zvechokwadi, mamwe makambani anonzwisisa kuti avo vanobatana zvibvumirano zvisingagoneki achapa Chitsauko 11 nyaya. Zvigadziro mumitemo yebhangiro inobvumira makambani kuramba kana kudzorera zvakare matanho ekubvumirana kune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Zvimwe pasi apa.
Kuvandudzwa Kwevashandi uye Kuchengeta Chiziviso (WARN) Mutemo
Mutemo Wechirevo unoda kuti vamwe vashandirwi vabatsire vashandi vakavhiringidzika kwemazuva makumi matanhatu ekudzikisa mashoma kana kuvharwa. Muzvizhinji, kukodzera vashandi vanofanira kuva nevashandi vane zana kana kupfuura uye vese makumi mashanu evashandi vanobatwa. Mutemo WENYENZO unoshanda kunyange kana bhizinesi raisa Chitsauko 11 nyaya. Asi, sevamwe vose vezvematongerwo enyika, kune zvisizvo.
Kana kambani yako iri pasi peMutemo WETE, uye iwe usingagamuchiri chisikwa chemazuva 60 chekuregererwa kana kubviswa, unogona kuva nekodzero yekubhadhara pamubhadharo wako uye kubatsirwa kwemazuva makumi matanhatu pasinei nekudarika kwekubhadhara.
Mibairo
Kana iyo kambani inokubhadhara iwe kana mubhadharo iyo inoshandisa Chitsauko 11 kubhadhara, chero bedzi iwe uchiramba uri kushanda kwekambani, zvikwereti zvako hazvifaniri kuvharwa.
Iyo kambani ichakumbira mvumo kubva mudare kuti irambe ichibhadhara vashandi vayo chero bedzi ichiri kuramba ichiita bhizinesi.
Kana zvakadaro, iwe wakaraswa apo nyaya yacho yaiswa kana kuti yakarasikirwa nebasa rako risati yaiswa, uye iwe unokwereta mubhadharo kana kubatsira, iwe wava mukwereti weChitsauko 11 chikwereti. Somunhu ane chikwereti, iwe unobatanidza zvikwata zvevatengesi, vatengesi vatengesi, vatengesi vakachengetedzwa uye kunyange vashandi. Zvinogona kuva imwe nguva usati wabhadhara zvaunokwereta. Panewo zvakare chivimbo chokuti iwe uchabhadharwa zvose zvaunokwereta.
MuChitsauko 11, nyaya dzinokweretesa dzinopiwa maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekukosha zvichienderana nemhando yechikwereti. Kazhinji mari yevashandi inonzi "yekutanga" uye ichabhadhara pamberi pemamwe madhora akawanda. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kumitero yakawanikwa mumazuva 180 isati nyaya yacho isati yatumirwa uye inogumira ku $ 12,850 (kubva munaApril 2016, iyi inokonzerwa nekuwedzera muna 2019). "Mipiro" inosanganisira mubhadharo wehora, mubhadharo, mahofisi, kubhadhara kwezororo, kubvisa, uye kurwara kwezororo rezororo.
Chero misha mizhinji inopfuura chikamu chekutanga kana kuti yakadzoka shure kwemazuva 180 inogona kudzingwa, asi ichabatwa zvakafanana nedzimwewo zvisingateteki zvirevo. Kana iwe ukaiswa panze panguva yacho, kazhinji dare rekudarika richaraira kuti chero mubhadharo kana zvikwereti zvaunokweretwa kubhadharwa nokukurumidza. Kana izvozvo zvisingaitiki, mubhadharo wako usina kubhadhara uye zvikomborero zvingazoonekwa se "hutungamiri" kudai, iyo ine nzvimbo yakakwirira kudarika "zvinotarisirwa kutanga."
Collective Bargaining Agreements
Zvibvumirano zveUnited, kana kuti pamwe zvibvumirano zvese, hazvina kuchengetedzeka muChitsauko 11 kuparara. Kutaura zvazviri, mamwe makambani akaisa Chitsauko 11 mavhesi nechinangwa chakanaka chekushandisa mitemo yebhangi yekutsvaga kubvunzurudza mazwi matsva kunyange zvazvo kubvumirana kwebumbiro kusati kwapera.
Kana kambani yakadaro inorema kune kambani yemari, mitemo yebhangi inobvumira kambani inokwereta kuramba chibvumirano. Kuramba chibvumirano kunogona kuita kuti kambani ikwanise kugadzirisa zvakare, asi ichaita nemigumisiro inokosha, sezvaizodaro kana ikarambidza kambani kunze kwekugadzirisa.
Kuti awane chinangwa chakanakisisa chinoitika kune kambani, uyo ane chikwereti anowanzotsvaka kutsvaga uye kugadziriswa kubva kuvashandi vehurumende. Kana kukanganisa kwemari kwekambani kwakanyanya, kukundikana kusvika kune zvinowirirana nehurumende dzayo zvinogona kududzira njodzi kune akakwereta uye kutungamirira kudikanwa yekuchinja nyaya yacho kuChitsauko 7 uye kuregererwa.
Independent Contractors
Kana iwe uri muchengeti wezvokuchengetedza unowana zvekutengeserana emakambani kubva kumakambani akashaya, unogonawo kuisa chirevo chekutanga chekubhadhara mutero wawakagamuchira usati wapihwa nyaya yacho, kana mukati memwedzi gumi namaviri (12) kambani kambani ikambomira kuita bhizinesi iwe yakagamuchira makumi manomwe nezana makumi mashanu (75%) yekutora mari yako kubva kune akakwereta. Kana iwe usina kubhadhara kubasa wawakabvumirana kuita shure kweChitsauko 11 chakanga chakaiswa, yako inofanira kuenzanisirwa sechisungo chekutungamirira.
Uchapupu hweMhosva
Pasinei nokuti iwe une chirevo chekutanga, chirevo chekutungamira kana mutemo wekusagadzikana, Kuti iwe ubhadharwe kuda kwako, unofanira kuisa gwaro rainzi "Uchapupu hweZviso," rinotsigirwa nemagwaro chero api angaratidza kuti unotenda zvakadini iwe une chikwereti. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehutano kuburikidza nekuzadza Kuzadza Chiratidzo cheFomu Form. Iwe unofanirwawo kuisa uchapupu hwekudaidzira kune yehutano yehutano yehutano husingabhadharwi kana kusabhadharwa mari yaunogona kunyora. Izvo zvichabatwa semhosva dzisina kudzivirirwa.
Kusvitsa Kubasa
Kodzero yako yekufambisa basa risati iripo, kunyange iwe uchirasikirwa nebasa rako nekuda kwekufa kwekambani yako.
Utano uye Zvipo zvePensheni
Kunyangwe zvisingavimbiswi kuti zviitike, zvirongwa zvako zvehutano uye zvepenheni zvinogona kubviswa. Asi, chero ipi zvayo yepfesheni yako yawakagamuchira kusvika ipapo inofanira kuchengeteka. Zvizhinji zvezvirongwa izvi zvinotungamirirwa neE ERISA (the Employee Retirement Income Security Act), uye chirongwa chimwe nechimwe Chirongwa cheKushandura Kurondedzera kunofanira kupa ruzivo pamusoro pezvichaitika kune zvepenjeni yehupfumi nemararamiro ehutano.
Pension
Muzhinji, ERISA inoda kuti mari yepensheni ichengetedzwe yakasiyana nedzimwe zvinhu zvekambani, iyo inobatwa mu trust kana inotengeswa mukonesi yemishuwarenzi. ERISA inoda kuti chero ipi zvayo inowana mari yepenjeni inobhadharwa 100% kana kambani ichitswa. Zvizhinji zvezvemararamiro emapenjeni zvinowanikwawo neHurumende yeHurumende.
MuChitsauko 11 mhaka, kambani inokwereta inogona kukumbira dare rekudarika kwemvumo yekugumisa kana kugadzirisa hurongwa hwepensheni yako. Kana chirongwa chako chabhadharwa zvizere, iwe wekare wekushandisa uchashandisa urongwa hwezvigadziro kutenga mari yekubhadhara mari yako. Kana hurongwa hwako hwepenjeni hugumburwa sechikamu chekubhadhara kana nePension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), PBGC inotora zvigadziro zvemari uye zvikwereti uye ichabhadhara zvikwereti zvako, zvichienderana nedzimwe mamiriyoni emiganhu.
401 (k)
Kana iwe une 401 (k) chirongwa, mari iri mune iyo nhoroondo haigone kushandiswa nekambani kubhadhara vatengesi vekambani, asi kambani haifaniri kupa chero mimwe michero yemunguva yemberi kana yekufananidza mari. Kana yako 401 (k) yakaiswa muhomwe yekambani yako, zvingave zvakachenjera kuongorora kana mutengo wekutengesa wakatora futi asi inogona kuwanikwa, kana kuti inguva yekusiyana kana uchikwanisa.
Health Coverage
Kana uyo mushandi achirega zvirongwa zvese zvehutano, haungakwanisi kuramba uchienderera mberi pasi peCOBRA . Iwe unogona, zvakadaro, unokwanisa kutendeuka kana kutenga mutemo wega, kana kubatanidza mutemo wemumwe wako. Kana uri kuwana rubatsiro rwehutano sekusununguka kana zvikomborero zvinokonzerwa nechibvumirano chebvumirano, iwe unogona kunge uri pasi pemitemo inokosha yekushungurudza. Kutanga kwako kwekutanga kuchave kurikutarisana nemutongi wepurogiramu imwe neimwe kana mutungamiri wenyu wehurumende.
Yakarongwa naCarron Nicks muna April 2017.