The Top International Art Biennales (Biennials)

by Susan Kendzulak

Pasinei nokuti iwe unoparidzira iyo nzira yeEurope 'biennale' kana kuti American way 'biennial', zvinoreva zvakafanana: mifananidzo yegaga yemuenzaniso inoitika makore maviri ose.

The Biennial yakave yakakosha yekuratidza maitiro emarudzi ose, kunyanya mukati mema1990 uye yakasimuka mumaguta akawanda. Iyo Biennial yakabatsirawo kuchinja kusanganisa kweunyanzvi kubva kune hutano hukuru hunoenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo, asi uchibatsira munharaunda yekurwisana.

Mukupera kwema1990 nema2000, misangano yakawanda uye magwaro ezvidzidzo zvakaongorora kukosha uye kukosha kweByennial sechirevo. Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakadaro ndecheThe Biennial Reader anthology.

01 The Venice Biennale

The Venice Biennale ndiye muzukuru wavo vose. Yakasimbiswa muna 1895, apo hupenyu hwenyika hwaive huchiita, unyanzvi hwakabva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana hwakaratidzwa muGiardini (Bindu), iyo inopindirwa kumarudzi akawanda emakwikwi emarudzi, mumwe nomumwe ane nhoroondo yake yakasiyana yekugadzira matanho.

Chiratidziro chikuru chakawedzera mukukura mukati meguta reVenice, nemitambo itsva uye nzvimbo dzekuratidzira dziri kuwedzerwa nguva imwe neimwe. I Venice Biennale inobvira kubva munaJune kusvika kuNovember mumakore asinganzwisisiki akaverengwa.

02 Sao Paulo Biennial

São Paulo Biennial muBrazil yakatanga muna 1951 uye inoitika panguva yemakore-yakaverengwa. Ndiyo huru uye yekare yakanaka muAmerica uye inosanganisira maBrazilian, Latin America nemarudzi ose emasikirwo emasikirwo mumasangano ayo akaenzaniswa.

03 documenta

documenta mu Kassel, Germany haisi yakanaka, sezvo inobatwa makore mashanu ese. Zvisinei, inowanikwa mukurumbira uye kukosha pamwe nepamusoro-soro yenyika dzakanaka uye makumi matatu.

Panguva yechiratidzo chekuzarura, maitiro ehupenzi anosanganisira artists, vatori vemasimusi, vatungamiri veMumamori, vatsoropodzi, vhizimisi vatengesi, nezvimwewo kubva kumativi ose enyika varipo. Yakasimbiswa muna 1955, documenta ndeimwe yepamusoro inofanirwa kuona maonesheni.

04 Biennale of Sydney

Biennale yeSydney muAustralia yakasimbiswa muna 1973, ichiita kuti ive yechitatu yezvakanaka zvekare munyika yose. Kubva munaJune kusvika munaSeptember mumakore makumi emakore-akaverengwa, kuratidzwa kwegaga kunoitika muguta rose reSydney.

05 Havana Biennial

Havana Biennial muCuba yakatanga muna 1984 uye inozivikanwa nekuratidzira zviratidzo zvisiri zvekumavirira zvichibva kuLatin America neCaribbean artists.

06 Istanbul Biennial

Istanbul Biennial muTurkey yakatanga muna 1987 uye inoitika pakuwa kwemakore asingaverengeki. Icho chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvekudhiridzira maonesheni emarudzi emazuva ano emifananidzo.

Kufanana nemamwe emamwe mabasa akanaka, muchengeti wemaitiro anosarudzwa nekomiti. Mutevedzeri anobva avhura pfungwa , nhete uye nhamba yevanyori vekuratidzira.

Chimwe chikamu chikuru chemari mizhinji ndeyekuti haisi nzvimbo yekucherechedza yemu Museum, asi inosanganisira guta rose mukugadzirwa kwayo, saka zvikamu zvemurikanhi wekuratidzwa zvinowanikwa mumagariro, kushandiswa kwemafekitari, mapaki evanhu, mvurafronts, nezvimwewo. , masangano, mazendo, mafirimu, kuongorora.

07 Lyon Biennial

ILyon Biennial muLyon, France yakatangwa muna 1984 uye inoitwa kubva munaSeptember kusvika kuDecember mumakore asingaverengeki. Inonyanya kutaridzirwa nokuda kwayo yakanyatsogadzirwa navo maonesheni.

08 Dak'Art

Dhi'Art Biennial yeContemporary African Art muDakar, Senegal yakatanga muna 1992 uye inoitwa muna May munguva yemakore-yakaverengwa. Icho chinoratidzira mifananidzo yeAfrica yemazuva ano.

09 Sharjah Biennial

Sharjah Biennial inoitika kuSharjah, United Arab Emirates. Yakasimbiswa muna 1993 semuenzaniso wekudhirozheni wepanzvimbo, muna 2003 zvakanyanya kutaridzika kuti zvive iyo nyika yepasi rose yemazuva ano.

10 Berlin Biennial

The Berlin Biennial iri muBerlin, Germany iyo ndiyo imwe yenyika dzakakurumbira uye dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa munyika yose. Yakarongedzwa mushure mokuratidzwa kweAperto muVenice Biennale, Berlin Biennial yakasimbiswa muna 1998 kukurudzira kugadzirisa maitiro emasikirwo emasikati uye kuratidza kukosha kweguta semuzinda unokosha wehuni.

11 Shanghai Biennale

Shanghai Museum, pamusoro pemakore. Mufananidzo unofadza kuShangamu Museum.

I Shanghai Biennale muChina yakatanga muna 1996 sechiratidziro chevanyori vemunharaunda vachishandisa tsika dzekuChinese-painting. Mugore ra2000, chiitiko chemukati chakatenderedzwa neHan Hanru chaive chiratidziro chekodhidhi, kuiswa kwekudhiridzira, nhau itsva, vhidhiyo uye unyanzvi hwekudhijita kuumba nyika yepasi rose.

12th Yokohama Triennial

The Yokohama Triennial muJapan, pedyo neTokyo, inosvika makore gumi uye isiri zvakanaka, saka inotora makore ose matatu panzvimbo yeviri. Yakatangwa muna 2001.

13 Singapore Biennale

Singapore Biennale yakave itsva sezvo yakatanga muna 2006. Sezvo yakagadzirwa, nzvimbo yehurumende yehurumende yakasimbisa uye Biennale yakaratidza kuva yakakurumbira nevashanyi.

14 Whitney Biennial

New Whitney Biennial yakakurumbira muNew York inoitika paWhiteney Museum uye inoratidza zviratidzo kubva kune vose vanobuda uye vakagadzirwa neAmerican-based artists. Inowanzotonyanya kunzi inonzi chiratidzo chinoda kuvenga.

15 Manifesta

Manifesta , iyo inonziwo yeEuropean Biennial of Contemporary art yakatanga muna 1996 uye inoitika kune imwe nzvimbo yeEurope isina nyanzvi makore ose maviri. Manifesta yakaitika muRotterdam, Luxembourg, Ljubljana, Frankfurt, San Sebastian, Trentino-South Tyrol, uye Murcia.