Chii Chinonzi Detective Story?

Dzidza nezvekunyora mupuritori uye nyaya dzisinganzwisisiki

Muchengeti nyaya ndeyemhando yezvinyengeri umo muchengeti, kana amateur kana muongorori, anogadzirisa utsotsi kana huwandu hwemhosva. Zvine zvishomanana zvisiri izvo, mhosva yacho inosanganisira kuuraya imwechete kana kupfuura (dzimwe nguva, nyaya dzomupurisa dzinogona kutarisana nembavha inoshamisa kana kuti isingadi, asi izvi hazvishamisi).

Nemhaka yokuti dhenikori nyaya dzinotsigira pane manzwiro, zvinhu zvisingashamisi zvinowanzoitika. Mupurisa angave ari mutsvaga wega, mupurisa, chirikadzi yakwegura kana musikana muduku, asi iye kazhinji haana chinhu chaanogona kuwana kubva pakugadzirisa mhosva yacho.

Nhema dzenyaya, kusiyana nemapurisa emitambo, zvinonakidza, nhau dzezvakaipa zvehupombwe, nedzimwe mhando dzoupombwe dzinenge dzisingatauri paropa, gore, nemashoko anonyadzisa ekuponda asi, pane kudaro, pane puzzles yeuponda husina kugadziriswa. Kunyange zvazvo vanyori venguva yakavanzika vanyori vanogona kugara pazvifananidzo zvakajeka kana kuratidzira zvepabonde, izvi zvichiri zvishoma. Ichokwadi, dzakawanda "zvekare" zvakavanzika zvinowira muchikwata che "zvakanaka, chakanaka" kuponda umo munhu anenge apomerwa akawirwa pamusoro, ane chepfu, akabatwa, kana kuti akaurayiwa kamwe chete kana kuti kwete kutambura kunobatanidzwa.

Nhoroondo yeDetective Stories

Yechipiri "mukuru" wechenekeri nyaya yaiva The Murders muLougue Morgue , yakanyorwa muna 1841 naEdgar Allen Poe. Kunyange zvazvo Poe yakanga isiri iyo nyaya yekutanga yekubatanidza chakavanzika kana kuponda, ndiyo yaiva yekutanga kuzivisa iyo itsva-mutsva wechipikisi. Yakanga iriwo nyaya yekutanga yekushandura zvakakwana mhinduro yepisidho yakabatana-kuponda.

Zvinyorwa zvePee yaiva nhau pfupi, asi The Moonstone, naWilkie Collins, yakanga yakazara yakazara ghizha inove iyo, panguva imwechete, chakavanzika chokuuraya.

Mukurumbira wezvinyorwa zvose zvekufungidzira, Sherlock Holmes, yakagadzirwa naArthur Conan Doyle kuStrand Magazine muna 1887. NdiConan Doyle uyo akavaka pfungwa ye "muchengeti wekutsvaga," anoshanda ari oga kubva pamapurisa - pamwe chete ne kwete-chaizvo-shamwari yakajeka iyo kusabatanidzwa kunogona kupa comedy, drama, kushungurudzika kana mukana wekudzidzira muverengi nekusanzwisiswa kwemashoko uye matsvuku matsvuku.

"The Golden Age of Mysteries" - kuma1920 nema1930 - yakasanganisira vanyori vakadai saAgatha Christie, Dorothy Sayers, Josephine Tey, Ngaio Marsh. Vanyori ava vakagadzira vatungamiri vevatungamiri uye masangano evocative - manor houses, cruise ships, uye archaeological digs, pakati pevamwe-vakaramba vachifadza vaverengi.

Mhando dzeZvino Nhau

Pane dzakawanda zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvezvakavanzika. Kunyange zvazvo pasina "chiremera" mitsara yemitemo yekunyora rumwe rudzi, tsanangudzo idzi dzinofanira kubatsira:

• Iyo yakanyatsonaka ndiyo nyanzvi yekufambisa nyaya yakaiswa, inenge nguva dzose, mune rimwe guta kana musha. Muchengeti wacho anonyanya kufungidzira, kazhinji mukadzi.
• Mucherechedzi akaoma-akabikwa nyaya ndeyeiyo yakakura yekare yakasvika pakuzivikanwa muma1930 nevanyori vakadai saDashiell Hammett avo vakagadzira "dicks" akaoma seSam Sam.
• "Imba yakakiyiwa" kana kuti "whodunnit" chakavanzika inonyanya kuve pikicha umo kushambadzira kunotora nzvimbo yechipiri kuwanikwa uye kududzirwa kwemashoko ...