Pari zvino, chiziviso chemaharalegals ndezvekuzvidira; hapana mvumo yekuongororwa kwevatsigiri vepamutemo varipo muUnited States. Zvisinei, chirongwa chechirongwa chave chakave chiitiko chekufarira uye kukakavadzana kwemazana emakore akapfuura pakati pemasangano ehurumende, masangano ehurumende, uye mapurisa ehurumende.
Chirongwa chepamutemo chinoratidzira vashandi kuzvipira kune basa uye kutonga humwe unyanzvi uye ruzivo rwakakosha kumunda. Unyanzvi uye ruzivo rwakaedzwa nezviongororwa zviyeuchidzo zvinosanganisira ruzivo rwepamusoro rwemitemo, mitemo, uye mutemo unoshandiswa pamwe chete nekutsvakurudza, ruzivo rwekukurukurirana nekunyora.
Vazhinji vemapurisa vanowana mazita emakambani mushure mokunge vawana makore mashomanana mune zvakaitika mumunda. Kunyange zvazvo chiziviso chisati chiri chokutanga kumushandi wepamutemo , inogona kukurudzira kutendeseka kwako mune unyanzvi, hutarisiro hwebasa, uye unogona kuwana mari.
Pasi pane muongorori wezviverengero zvinowanzozivikanwa zvepamutemo.
National Association of Legal Assistants
Mutumbi Unobvisa: National Association of Legal Assistants, Inc. (NALA), iyo yakabatanidzwa muTulsa, Oklahoma, yakatanga kubhadhara chiremba chekuongorora (Akavimbiswa neMubatsiri weMutemo) muna 1976. NALA inopawo unyanzvi hunokosha hwekuongorora.
Chigadziro: Mumiririri Wemutemo Akabvumirwa (CLA) kana Akazivikanwa Paralegal (CP). Vanopfuura 12 000 vemapalalegals vakagamuchira kushandiswa kwechirongwa ichi. Muna 2004, NALA yakanyorera chiratidzo "CP" kune avo vanosarudza kushandisa izwi rokuti "paralegal" pane "mutsigiri wepamutemo."
Zvigadziriswa Zvido: Kuti zvikwanise kubvunzurudzwa kweCLA / CP, mubatsiri wepamutemo anofanira kusangana nechimwe chezvinhu zvinotevera zvinotevera:
1. Kupedza chikoro kubva purogiramu yemubatsiro wepamutemo kunoti:
- Yakagamuchirwa neAmerican Bar Association; kana
- Chirongwa chekuita chirongwa; kana
- Chirongwa chepamusoro-baccalaureate chirongwa mumubatsiri wepamutemo anoongorora; kana
- Burogiramu yepurogiramu yechikoro mumubatsiri wepamutemo anoongorora; kana
- Mushandi wepamutemo wepamutemo unoshandiswa nehuwandu hwemaminitsi makumi matanhatu emaawa (900 maawa yeawa kana 90 maawa mana) makumi maviri nemasere (maawa makumi maviri nemaawa maviri kana makumi maviri nemazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu) maawa mashoma.
2. Chikoro chebhizimisi mundima chero ipi zvayo uye ruzivo rwegore rimwe semubatsiri wepamutemo. Kubudirira kuzadziswa kwemasvondo gumi nemashanu (kana 22.5 maawa matanhatu kana maawa makumi maviri nemaawa makumi maviri nemazana matanhatu) kana kuti maawa makumi maviri nemaawa makumi matanhatu (makumi maviri nemaawa matanhatu) kana kuti maawa makumi maviri nemaawa makumi matanhatu (makumi maviri nemaawa maviri) maawa edzimhosva.
3. Chikoro chechikoro chesekondari kana chakaenzana nemakore manomwe (7) ruzivo rwemutemo semubatsiri wepamutemo pasi pekutarisirwa kwemunhu weBhar, pamwe neuchapupu hwehuwandu hwemaawa makumi maviri (20) ekuenderera mberi kwemari yepamutemo yemari yakagadzirirwa mukati aviri (2) gore risati rapera zuva rekuongorora.
Kuongorora. Kubvunzurudzwa kweCLA / CP kune mazuva maviri akaongororwa zvakajeka zvichienderana nemutemo wehurumende uye nzira. Nyaya huru dzehurukuro dzekuongorora ndeyekutaurirana, maitiro, kuongorora kwezvemitemo, hukama hwehukama uye nzira dzekubvunzurudza, kutonga & analytical ability uye zvemutemo terminology. Chikamu chemurairo chinoshandiswa chinosanganisira maminitsi mashanu emaminisheni anofukidza American Legal System uye nharaunda dzomutemo wepamusoro sezvasarudzwa neongororo.
National Federation of Paralegal Associations
Mutumbi Unobvisa: National Federation of Paralegal Associations, Inc. (NFPA) inopa Paralegal Advanced Competency Examination (PACE).
Kurongwa: "PACE - Registered Paralegal" kana "RP"
Eligibility Requirements:
- Dhigirii yevadzidzi mune zvidzidzo zvepamutemo zvakawanikwa kubva kuchikoro chechikoro chakavimbiswa, uye / kana kuti chirongwa chekudzidzisa gadziriro yepamutemo yeABA ; uye nemakore matanhatu (6) anosimudzira ruzivo rwemutemo; OR
- Chikoro chebhaibheri pachikoro chero chipi zvacho chekudzidza chakawanikwa kubva kuchikoro chechikoro chakavimbiswa uye makore matatu (3) ekugadzirisa chiitiko chepamutemo; OR
- Dhigirii yechirungu uye kugadziriswa kwepurogiramu yemaparamende nechechikoro chakabvumirwa nedzimwe nyika, rakati chirongwa chepachikoro chinogona kuenzanisirwa muchikoro chechikoro; uye makore maviri (2) anosimudzira ruzivo rwepamutemo; OR
- Makore mana (4) anotsigira chiitiko chekuisa mvumo pamutemo musi waDecember 31, 2000.
Kuongorora: Paralegal Competency Examination (PACE) inoongorora mairi maviri. Mufambiro ndinotaurirana nyaya dzakawanda dzepamutemo nemitemo. Sezvo zvinoda kuitika, chikamu chemitemo yakasarudzwa nehurumende inogonawo kugadzirwa. Tier II inotaura nezvezvikamu zvakasiyana.
Sangano reNational Association for Legal Professionals (NALS)
Mutumbi Wakabudisa : NALS (yaimbozivikanwa seNational Association for Legal Secretary), inopa zvitatu zvekupikira: ALS (iyo inonzi chiziviso chechipiri), iyo PP (yepallegals) uye PLS (an advanced certification).
Zvisarudzo: ALS, PP, uye PLS
Eligibility Requirements:
ALS - Kuti uve akakodzera kutora kuongorora kwe ALS, unofanira kunge wakapedza chimwe cheizvi:
- bhizimisi rinobvumirwa / mutemo,
- NALS Training Course Course, kana
- gore rimwe chete rekugara kwemahofisi ehofisi.
PP - Kuti ugare pachirongwa cheP PP chiyeuchidzo, mutongi weusingaregeri anofanira kuva nemakore mashanu akawana ruzivo rwekuita mumiririri / mutevedzeri wemitemo. Mumwe murairidzi ane chiremba chemashure-seconda, imwe chirevhisi kana chirevhisi chepamutemo chinofanira kungova nemakore mana, kana mukana ane chiremba chepamutemo aine makore matatu chete.
PLS - Chero ani zvake ane ruzivo rwemakore matatu munyaya yepamutemo angatora rugwaro. Nhengo muNALS haisi mvumo. Kuregererwa kwechikamu kwemakore matatu ekutarisirwa kwepamutemo kunogona kupiwa kwemashure mashure-secondary, kubudirira kupedza kuongorora kwe ALS kana zvimwe zvidzidzo. Izvo zvakanyanya waiver ndeyegore rimwechete.
Kuongorora:
ALS - IA ALS chikamu chechikamu chechitatu chakafukidza kukanyora kwakanyorwa; hofisi yebazi uye ruzivo rwepamutemo; uye hukama hwevanhu uye kutongwa.
PP - Chirongwa chePP chiyeuchidzo chinoshandiswa mune zvikamu zvina uye chinosanganisira kunyorwa kwekunyora, ruzivo rwepamutemo uye unyanzvi, maitiro uye unyanzvi hwekutonga uye mutemo unotsigira. Vadzidzi vanogona kutora zvimwe zvikamu zvekutengesa zvakakundikana.
Recertification inotarisirwa makore mashanu ega asi inogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekuunganidza kwemazuva ekudzidzira kwemaawa nemabasa
PLS - Kuongorora kwe PLS kune rimwe zuva, chikamu chechina chekuongorora kunoputsika sezvinotevera: Chikamu 1 - Kunyora Kunyoresa, Chikamu 2: Nzira dzeHofisi neTechnology, Chikamu 3: Maitiro uye Kutongwa uye Chikamu 4: Zvo reMutemo uye Unyanzvi .
American Alliance of Paralegals
Mutumbi Unotuma: IAmerican Alliance of Paralegals, Inc. (AAPI)
Kurongwa: AACP
Zvinokodzera Kudiwa: Munhu wese anoshandira mvumo achitsvaga kuAmerican Alliance certification anofanira kuva nemakore masere (5) ekugadzirisa ruzivo rweparamende uye anosangana ne (1) yezvikamu zvitatu (3) zvinotevera zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa:
(a) Bhizimisi kana Dhigirii akapfuura mune chero chirango chinobva kuchikoro chinogamuchirwa; kana
(b) Dhigirii reDzimwe muzvidzidzo zvepamutemo kubva purogiramu yemutemo weAABA inogamuchirwa kana purogiramu iyo inhengo yevhoti yeAmerican Association for Paralegal Education; kana
(c) Chiiti chechikoro chinobva purogiramu yemutemo weAAC inotenderwa kana chirongwa chiri nhengo yevhoti yeAmerican Association for Paralegal Education.
Kuti uratidze kuti unozadzisa zvinotarisirwa, AAPI inoda kuti vateveri vauye, pamwe chete nemari yekugadzirisa, kopi yakagadziriswa yezvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvekudzidzisa uye chivimbiso kana chirevo kubva kumugweta unopupurira chiitiko chako chekuita basa.
Kuongorora: Hapana
Maintenance / Recertification: Kuti uchengetedze American Alliance certification, AACP imwe neimwe ichavandudza chiyeuchidzo chake chemakore ose maviri (2) uye kupedza gumi nemasere (18) maawa ekuenderera mberi dzidzo yepamutemo ("CLE"), uye maviri (2) iyo gumi nemasere (18) maawa ari mumitemo. Uchapupu hwekupedzwa kwekodzero yeCLE pamwe nemari yekuvandudza kwemakore maviri panguva chaiyo panguva yekuvandudzwa ichaendeswa kuKomisheni. Penguva yekuvandudzwa, AACP inofanira kushandiswa separamende.