Kubvumirwa, Basa, Kushandisa nekupikisana kweMabasa
Mishonga Usher Brave Nyika Itsva yeMutemo
Mapurisa haasi akasiyana. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa nemitemo inoshandiswa nemitemo mazuva ano zviri munzira dzakawanda kudanidzira kure kune avo vaishandiswa munguva isiri kure-kure, uye zvishomanana zvishandiso zvakave zvine simba guru kana kuuya nemakakatanwa akawanda sechigadzirwa chemagetsi, kazhinji inozivikanwa seMushandi.
Electronic Control Devices: Yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza hupenyu
Izwi re electronic control device (ECD) rinonyanya kufunga nezvekuti zvinogona kukonzerwa nechisimba zvinogona kuendeswa kumhedziso isina kugadzikana pasina kushandisa simba rinouraya pose pazvinenge zvichibvira. IECD haisi kurongwa kuti ichinje chipfuti , asi inopa nzira dzakachengeteka dzekutarisana nezvinhu zvisina simba zvinouraya mamiriro ezvinhu. ECD inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye inobudirira zvikuru kuti ishande iri ndiyo Basa, rakagadzirwa uye rakaparidzirwa naTable International.
Kubvumwa kweMabasa: Sayenzi Yenhema inouya kuUpenyu
Yakagadziriswa muma1960 naJohn Cover, iyo Taser gun ndiyo inoratidzwa nesayenzi yenhema kuva sainzi chokwadi. Yakanga yakasiyana nedzimwe zvigunun'una uye zvombo zve electroshock mukati maro zvokuti inogona kubviswa uye kuendeswa kure. Chimbo chacho chakanga chakakanganiswa zvakananga neSt. Swift science fiction stories, iyo Tom Swift uye His Electric Rifle .
Izwi rokuti "Basa" riri, chaizvoizvo, rinotsanangurwa naT. Thomas Swift's Electric Rifle.
Kusiyana nemufananidzo wenhema, Murairo chaiwo haapfuri magetsi emagetsi kana kupfura mumadziro pasina kusiya masango. Izvo zvakadaro, inopa, mapurisa uye vagari vega voga vane nzira yekuzvidzivirira iyo inokwanisa kuderedza kana kubvisa mikana yekukuvadzwa kwakakomba kana kufa, zvose ivo pachavo nevanorwisa.
Kwete Chete Ready For Prime Time
Muenzaniso wokutanga, wakagadzirwa zvakananga neChishanu, wakashandisa pfu pfuti kuti atange magetsi. Nemhaka yeizvi, yakarongerwa sechibhakera uye haina kuona kushandiswa kwakapararira. Mapurisa ehurumende uye vevanhu vari voga vachitsvaga nzira dzisina kuuraya kana dzisingasviki kune dzepfuti dzaisanzwisisiki dzisina kufarira pane zvavakaona kuti ndezvimwe zvepfuti uye zvingangova nemhosva.
MASASI Shandura Game
Mukutanga kwema1990, hama Tom naRick Smith vakasvika kuChishanu, vachitarisa kuti vadzidzise nzira yekuderedza kufa kwekukonzerwa nechisimba. Iboka rakagadzira Air Taser, chimbo chakashandura magota achishandisa mhepo panzvimbo yepfuti yepfuti uye saka ikateura chigadzirwa chepfuti. Nzira itsva yekutsvaga yakabvumira kuti iimire pachayo sechimbo chisina kuuraya chiri mukati.
Shanduro itsva, inobudirira uye yakanyatsogadzirwa yakakurumidza kugadzirwa, uye mutemo wekuteerera kwemitemo yakatanga kuona zvingabatsirika kune chigadzirwa. Pakazosvika 1999, masangano enyika yose akatanga kutenga zvombo zvevatungamiriri vavo. Apo yakatanga kuona kupararira kushandiswa pakati pemasangano emapurisa, Taser yakakurumidza kuparidzirwa senzira yekuvandudza nzira itsva kuchengetedza vatungamiriri nevasungiridzi. Vakawanda vaitarisira kuti mutsara-we-mushandi mukuru wekufa nekukuvadzwa kubva pamusangano wechisimba zvinoderera zvikuru uye kupurisa kwemapurisa kunoderedzwa.
Mhizha, Kakavhiringidza, uye Kusanganiswa
Hazvina nguva refu, zvisinei, kuti kupopotedzana kwakakurumidza kubuda semagetsi ekuchengetedza mitemo, nhau dzezvemashoko uye vanhu vose zvavo vose vakaita sevhiringidzika pamabasa, chinangwa, nekushanda kweiyo futuristic stun gun.
Mishumo ye simba rakawandisa, vanopfuura-vanoshingairira mapepa uye kunyange kufa kuburikidza naTager munguva pfupi vakatanga kutora nzira yavo kupinda musangano revanhu vose. Nhau dzevana, vanhu vakuru vanotambura uye vakwegura "vachishamiswa" nepfuti dzepfuti dzakapfura 50,000 volts kuburikidza nemitumbi yavo dzakatanga kupa Taser zita rakaipa.
Mitemo, Miitiro, uye Nhamba Dzakachengetedza Zuva
Mapurisa emapurisa munyika yose akakurumidza kupindura kuburikidza nekusika mitemo yakawanda inogadzirisa kushandiswa kwemashandisirwo ekushandisa magetsi. Hurumende yepamutemo inoparisa mitemo inoda kudzidziswa uye chiyeuchidzo mubasa ravo, uye Taser International yakaramba ichikurudzira kuunganidza deta pamusoro pekushandiswa kweTager.
Aya matanho ekupedzisira anotungamirira pakugamuchirwa kwakakwana kwechigadzirwa pakati pemasangano ekuchengetedza mitemo uye akaisa nzvimbo yeECD semutemo unokosha wekushandisa mutemo.
Basa Rinoitwa Sei
Basa rinoshumira mabasa maviri akasiyana panguva yekushandiswa kwesimba rinosangana. Kushandiswa kwayo kwekutanga uye kwakasarudzwa kwakafanana nechigadzirwa chisina kukwanisa chinobvumira vakuru kuti varambe vari kure zvakachengeteka pavanenge vachiita sungo risingakwanisi kurwisana.
Kunyange zvazvo teknolojia iri mberi, pfungwa yacho iri nyore. Paunodzingwa, Taser inogadzira mapfumo maviri ematare, anonzi probes, nokushandisa magetsi kutengesa cartridge yezvinokonzerwa negasi. Idzo tsvina dzinoramba dzichibatanidza nechigadzirwa kuburikidza nematare akapfava emhangura anotakura mutero wegesi kune chinangwa.
Izvo zvinowanzopinda muganda rechitsva, kunyange zvazvo rinogona kunge rakabudirira kana dzikagara muzvokupfeka chero bedzi dzichigara dziri pedyo nemuviri. Kukurukurirana kunonyanya kukosha kudarika kupurogiramu kupararira. Iyo yakawandisa kupararira, inobudirira zvakanyanya kusakwanisa.
Electro Muscular Incapacitation
Sezvo mapurogiramu achienda kune imwe nyaya, vanopararira. Apo mapurogiramu anosvika pazvinangwa zvavo, anotumira magetsi emagetsi pakati pomumwe nomumwe, izvo zvinovhiringidza neuron kutaurirana pakati pezvinhu zvinonzi 'musungo uye uropi. Kana izvi zvichiitika, zvakawanda zvidzidzo 'masimba anowedzera kushamisa.
Mambure acho ndeokuti izvo zvidzidzo zvinenge zvichitadza hazvigoni kuita masangano emasumbu kwehuwandu hwekubhadharisa mutambo. Izvi zvinonzi inozivikanwa neureurususcular incapacitation. Pangopera nguva yekupera kwayo, zvakadaro, mhedzisiro inopera.
ECD Kutengesa Maitiro
Kushandura kamwe chete kunowanzopedza nguva yekupera kwemaminitsi mashanu, kunyange zvazvo mukuru wehurumende anogona kuimisa pakarepo nekubvisa chigadzirwa. Kana imwe nguva ipurogiramu iri panzvimbo iyo, mutariri anogona kutora maitiro akawanda sezvaanoona zvakakodzera uye zvakakodzera.
Maitiro Okurwa Kwekuteerera
Kushandiswa kwechipiri kweMabasa ndiko kuwana izvo zvinozivikanwa sekuterera kunorwadza. Kana kusagadzikana chinhu chisinganzwisisiki, kushandiswa kwemarwadzo ekuteerera kunotonyanya kuoma. Muitiko apo mukuru wehurumende anozviwana ari pedo nefundo isingabvumirwi, Taser inogona kushandiswa pasina cartridge kuti ibudise kushamiswa kwemagetsi kunogadzirisa marwadzo. Chinangwa chinangwa chekurwadziwa ndechekukwezva kusagadzikana kunoenderana nechinangwa chemukuru wekumubata.
Kufa-Kunoenderana Nevakafa
Maererano nehurongwa hwekodzero dzevanhu Amnesty International, vanhu vanopfuura 500 vakafira muUnited States mushure mekunge vaiswa kune Mushandi kana imwe ECD kubva muna 2001. Amnesty International yakagamuchira kuti ECD inogona kunge isingatarisi zvakananga nekuda kwevakafa, asi ' vakaratidza kushushikana kwekuti ECD inogona kukurudzira kushandiswa kwechisimba kwemasimba nevatungamiriri.
Nhamba shoma, kana ipo, yeainzi inonzi kufa-inofanirwa kufa yakave yakataurirwa zvakananga nemigumisiro yezvigadzirirwo ivo pachavo, uye panzvimbo pacho ndeye chikonzero chehutungamiri chaiye uye zvidzidzo zvinowanikwa. Kazhinji kazhinji, kufa kwakaitika kubva kune chiitiko chinozivikanwa sekuti delirium inofarira, nyika inowanzowanikwa mune zvidzidzo zvinokurudzira kune zvimwe zvinokurudzira uye avo vave vachirwisana nevatungamiriri.
Dzimwe rufu nekukuvadzwa kwakaitika semugumisiro wekupi uye kuti zvombo zvacho zvakashandiswa sei maererano nehurukuro, zvakadai sepamusoro kana kuti pamusoro pepamusoro pematanho. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, nyaya idzi dzakagamuchira kukuvadzwa kwekuwa kupesana nemigumisiro yemagetsi kubva mune zvombo. Kuti kuderedze zviitiko izvi, vatengesi ve ECD vanokurudzira, uye masangano agamuchira, mitemo inotungamirira kushandiswa kwavo.
Kuponesa Upenyu uye Kudzivirira Kukuvara
Taser International uye mamwe ECD vanogadziridza, asi, kuti kuwirirana hakurevi kukanganisa. Kuda kupomerwa mhosva dzekufa kweECD, simba rakawandisa uye dzimwe nyaya dzakapoteredza kushandiswa kweECD, Taser inotaura kuti kushandiswa kwemagetsi ekugadzirisa zvemagetsi kwakachengetedza upenyu hwevanhu 75 000, kuderedza kukuvadzwa kune vanokanganisa ne60 muzana uye kudzivirira zviuru zvekukuvadzwa nekufa kumutemo vashandi vehurumende gore negore.
Electronic Control Devices: Zvishandiso Zvinobudirira zveHurumende
Pasinei nokuti iwe ungaburuka sei pane nharo pamusoro pekuti kana magetsi ekushandisa mashandisirwo ari kushandiswa kwemasimba, zvakaoma kuramba kuti ichishandiso chekushandisa kwemazuva ano masimba ekuchengetedza mitemo.
Mishonga nezvimwe zviyero zvakafanana, pamwe nezvimwe zvombo zvisingatauri uye zvisina kuuraya, zvinoramba zvichinja mahofisi anotarisana uye anotarisana nenyaya dzine utsinye uye dzine chisimba. Aya mazano akangwara asi muenzaniso mumwechete wekuti teknolojia inoshandiswa sei mumutemo, uyewo kuti teknolojia yakaramba ichichinja sei nzvimbo yevamwe vanoita mabasa ehurumende nepamutemo .