Tsvaga Basa reMabasa Pamusoro pebasa raJobho, Mishari uye Zvimwe
Mabasa
Zvikuru zvezvipfuwo zvezvipfuwo zvinopa mvumo yehutano hwemhuka dzakadzidziswa kuti dziongorore uye dzirape zvirwere zvinokanganisa zvipfuwo. Vashandi vakuru vemhuka vanowanzobata mombe, mabhiza, makwai, mbudzi, uye nguruve. Vanowanzoita mapurisa ekufonera varwere vavo, kazhinji vachishandisa motori yakagadzirwa yakagadzirwa nemishonga yekurapa inodiwa.
Chiitiko chinowanzoitwa chechikafu chechipfuwo chikuru chinosanganisira kuitisa kuongororwa kwehutano, kupa zvirwere, kubvisa ropa, kurondedzera mishonga, kuchenesa, nekugunzva mavanga, kutora ultrasound, kutora x-rays, nekuvhiya. Mimwe mitoro inogona kusanganisira kuongorora utano hwekubereka hwekudyara, kuita zvinyorwa zvekugadzira , kubatsira nekutambudzika kwekuberekwa, nekuitisa kuongorora kusati kwatenga.
Mhuka dzakakura dzemhuka dzinowanzoshanda maawa akawanda uye dzinopedza nguva yakawanda mumugwagwa sezvavanofamba kubva purazi kuenda kumapurazi. Vanofanirwawo kunge vari pakudanwa kuti zvingangoerekana zvaitika panguva yekupera kwevhiki uye mazororo. Basa iro pacharo rinogona kunge rinonyanya kudikanwa kumhuka dzakawanda dzemhuka, sezvo dzinofanirwa kuva dzakakwanisa kudzivisa uye kubata mhuka dzehukuru hukuru. Zvipfuwo zvepamusoro zvipfeko zvinofanira kuchenjerera kutora matanho ekuchengeteka apo uchirapa varwere vavo.
Career Options
Maererano nehuwandu hunobva kuAmerica Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), zvinopfuura 75% zvevhevhisi dzinoshanda muchivande.
Ruzhinji rwevashandi vanoshanda pamhuka duku . Kunyange zvazvo mhuka dzakawanda dzemhuka dzakawanda dzinoshanda pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipfuwo, vamwe vanosarudza kuisa pfungwa pakupa zvipi zvega zve equine , mombe, kana porcine varwere. Vamwe vanopa maitiro akasiyana-siyana emitambo yezvipfuwo zvikuru uye zviduku.
Kunze kwemuitiro wevamwe, vetsvaki vanowanawo basa sevadzidzisi, vamiririri vekutengesa mishonga , varwi vemauto, varongi vehurumende vehurumende, uye vatsvakurudzi vezvesayenzi.
Dzidzo uye Kudzidziswa
Zvose zvipfuwo zvezvipfuwo zvepamusoro zvakapedza kudzidza naDhigiri weVeterinary Medicine degree. Purogiramu yeDVM ndiyo nzira yakaoma yekudzidza iyo inosanganisira zvose zvehutano hwemhuka dzakaduku uye dzakakura. Parizvino makoroji makumi matatu emishonga yezvokurapa muUnited States inopa AVMA-yakagamuchirwa DVM degree.
Pakupedza chikoro, zvipfeti zvinofanira kupfuurira kuNorth American Veterinary Licensing Exam (NAVLE) kuwana zvigwaro zvekuita mishonga. Vanenge 2 500 veterinarians vakapedza kudzidza, kupedza chirongwa che NAVLE uye kupinda muchigadzirwa chezvipfuwo gore negore. Pakupera kwa2015, maererano neAVMA tsvakurudzo yebasa, paiva nevane 105 358 vanoita zvechiremba muUnited States. Zvikara zvezvipfuwo zvakagadzirwa zvikamu zviduku zvinodarika 8% zvezvese.
Professional Associations
IAmerican Veterinary Medical Association ndeimwe yezvikwata zvakakurumbira zvezvokurapa, izvo zvinomiririra vanopfuura 80 000 vashandi. Mamwe mapoka emakororo makuru anosanganisira American Association of Bovine Practitioners (AABP) uye American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners (AASRP).
Muhoro
Mubairo wepakati wevashandi vekare ndeye $ 87,590 maererano neBhodhi yeBasa Statistics data yemari mu 2014.
Zvikwereti zvinonzi zvakabva kune $ 52,530 muchepasi zvakaderedzerwa chegumi chezviyo zvose, asi chegumi chezviyo zvose zvakagamuchira mari inodarika madhora 157,390.
Maererano neAVMA, mari yepamhizha yezvemhizha yezvokudya zvezvipfuwo zvezvipfuwo zvinongodaro (vasati vateresi) yaive $ 103 000 muna 2009; iyi ndiyo yaiva yepamusoro-soro pakati pematavi ose ezvokurapa zvigadzirwa zvemhuka. Zvokudya zvezvipfuwo zvakanyanya veterinarians zvakagamuchira mari yepamhizha yepamusoro ye $ 91,000.
Mukutaura kwevheji yekutanga kubhadhara kunze kwechikoro chezvokurapa, mhuka dzakawanda dzemhuka dzinotanga basa razvo nekutaura kuripo kwe $ 71,096 pamhuka yekudya zvinoshandiswa chete uye $ 67,338 yezvokudya zvezvipfuwo zvinowanzoita.
Veterinarians avo vane bhokisi rinopupurirwa mune imwe nzvimbo inokosha (ophthalmology, oncology, chirurgical, etc.) kazhinji vanowana mibairo yakanyanya zvikuru semubairo wekudzidza kwavo uye mazamu.
Kubva muna 2015, nhamba dzeAVMA dzakaratidza kuti pane 561 bhodhi rakagadziriswa mhuka huru mukati memajinda ekurapa uye 307 bhodhi rakagadzirirwa zvipfuwo zvikurusa zvipembenene .
Job Outlook
Maererano nenhoroondo kubva kuBore of Labor Statistics, basa rezvokurapa richawedzera nezvikamu zve9 kubva muzana kubva mumakore gumi kubva muna 2014 kusvika muna 2024. Izvi zvinokurumidza kudarika zviyero zvezvinhu zvose zvinotarisirwa mumadhora ekutsvaga mubhadharo.
Muna December 2015 AVMA basa rekuongororwa rakawana kuti paive nevanopfuura 87,000 vetsiti mumusangano wega. Kubva nhamba iyoyo, paiva nevatori vezvipatara mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemashanu (5655) muzvokudya zvezvipfuwo zvinowanzoshandiswa uye vatanhatu veterinarian muzvipfuwo zvekudya zvakasiyana.
Sezvo mavheti akawanda achisarudza kupinda mumhuka mhuka yega yega (inoda kusvika 45 000 ikozvino inoshandiswa mumhando iyi yebasa), kunofanira kuve nekuenderera mberi kwekuda kwezvipfuwo zvezvipfuwo zvepamusoro pamusika, kunyanya kumaruwa.