Kusiyana pakati pehutongi hwemhosva uye chiremera
Criminology ndiyo yekuongorora kuparwa kwemhosva uye zvinokonzera, matambudziko, nemigumisiro. Kururamisira kwemurairo ndiyo nzira iyo mhosva nevanopomerwa mhosva zvinowanikwa, vasungwa, vakaedzwa uye vanorangwa. Vanhu vanoongorora hutongi hwemhosva vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvose zvakasiyana-siyana uye kushanda kwemukati kwehutano.
Izvo zvikamu zvehutongi hwehurumende
Zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha zvinoumba chirongwa chekutonga kwemhosva : kushandiswa kwemitemo, matare, nekugadzirisa. Vanoshanda pamwechete kuti vadzivirire uye varange maitiro asina kukodzera.
- Kutevedzwa kweMutemo: Basa iri ndiro rinonyanya kuoneka. Mapurisa anowanzotanga kusangana nemhosva kune kodzero yekutonga mhosva. Mapurisa anotarisa vanhu kuti vabatsire kudzivirira kuparwa kwemhosva, kutsvaga zvinokonzera kuparwa kwemhosva, uye kusunga vanhu vanofungidzirwa kuita mhosva. Mhosva dzinopinda mudare mushure mekunge dzasungwa.
- Dare System: Dare redzimhosva rinosanganisira magweta, vatongi, uye juries, pamwe nevashandi vanochera. Mhosva kana kusava nemhosva kweanokanganisa kunogadzirirwa mudare. Murevereri, iye zvino ari mumiririri, anopiwa mukana wekuzvidzivirira mumatare sezvo uchapupu huripo. Iye zvino anobva asunungurwa kana kuti anowanikwa kuti ave akaita mhosva yekupomerwa. Kana akawanikwa aine mhaka, munhu anokanganisa anogamuchira mutongo kana chirango chinoenderana nemitemo yakagadzwa nemutongi uye nemitemo. Mumiririri akatendeukira kune chirongwa chekugadzirisa mushure mekutongwa.
- Corrections System: Chirongwa chekugadzirisa chinosanganisira maitiro ose ekutongerwa uye kurangwa. Inosanganisira kuvharirwa uye kuongororwa. Munhu akatongerwa mhosva ndiye mutoro wegadziriro yehutano kusvikira mutongo wake wakakwana unoshandiswa kana kushandurwa.
Nhoroondo yeupombwe uye kurangwa
Mhosva yehurumende yehurumende inotangira muRipublic Republic uye muEngland yeEngland, iyo ndeimwe yezvikonzero nei chiLatini ichiri chikonzero chekutaura kwemitemo. Zvinyorwa zvakadai sekudzorera uye kuurayiwa zvinotorwa kubva munguva yekare, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe zvirango zvekare zvakadai sokuputika, kurova uye kuisa marwadzo zvakanyanya kubviswa munyika dzakabudirira sezvo manzwiro edu uye kunzwisisa kwoumhosva zvakashanduka.
Kuiswa mujeri uye chirongwa chejeri chakangova chakashandiswa zvikuru muma1800s. Apo sangano rakaona zvakakosha kuparadzanisa mutadzi kubva kune vagari vasati vasvika nguva iyo, kazhinji aive akatapwa uye kazhinji akatyisidzirwa norufu kana akadzoka kumusha.
Modern Policing
Chimwe chiitiko chitsva mukururamisira kwemhosva ndechemazuva ano mapurisa. Kana imwe nguva ichionekwa sebasa uye mutoro wevarume vose vevarume, kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachengeteka uye dzakachengeteka zvino yava kushanda kwehurumende.
Icho chirongwa chemhosva chinoramba chichitsvaga kuburikidza nebasa revanhu vanopomerwa mhosva yepamutemo uye vashandi vezvemitemo sezvo isu tichitsvaga nzira dzekushandira zvakanaka avo vanopomerwa, vapupu, sangano uye kunyange vanotongerwa uye vanotongerwa mhosva. Kuongorora kwehutongi hwemhosva kunotibatsira kudzidza nzira dzakanakisisa dzokugadzirisa mhosva uye kudzivirira vagari venyika.
Tsvaga Basa reCriminal Justice
Kururamisira kwemhosva kunopa huwandu hwemabasa anosarudza. Vaya vanofarira kushanda mumunda vanogona kuwana mabasa mazhinji mumatare, kururamisa kana mitemo yekutengesa mitemo.