Muduku Kupfuura Iyo Inotarisa
Zvinotoshamisa, apo kushandiswa kwesayenzi mukuongorora kwemhosva mune imwe nzira kana imwe yakange iripo kubva pakutanga kweMambo hweRoma, pfungwa yehupayenzi yehutoriko sekurangwa uye basa haisi makore zana chete.
Izvo zvave zvichange zviri mukati mezana remakore rapera izvo masangano ekuchengetedza mitemo uye masangano edzimhosva akauya kuzotenderera zvakanyanya mukushandiswa kwesayenzi mukuongorora kwemhosva dzemhosva.
Kusvikira pakati pezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, kushandiswa kwesayenzi mukutsvakurudza kwaizivikanwa uye kwakakurukurwa, asi kushanda kwakakodzera kwemasayenzi ehurumende kwakanga kusati kwanyatsozadziswa. Kubvira kare, pakange pane mienzaniso yezvikamu zvakasiyana zvehupupu hunotungamirira kumatare kana kuregererwa izvo zvingaratidzika kunge zvichienderana nezvo zvatinoziva kuti tinozviziva sevanotarisira.
Kukurumidza Kufambira mberi
Munguva yemakore ekuma1800, kunyange zvakadaro, kushandiswa kwesayenzi yezvesayenzi kuongororwa kwemhosva kunowedzera. Nguo uye michero yemiriwo zvakashandiswa kuisa vanhu vanofungidzirwa pamatongerwe emhosva. Kubudiswa kwekhamera kwakaunza kushandiswa kwekutora mapikicha kuti zvinyorwe uye kuchengetedza zviitiko zvemhosva. Hydrogen peroxide yakawanikwa ichiputika sezvo yakasanganiswa kana yakasangana ne hemoglobin, ichiratidza kukwanisa kuedza kuvepo kweropa.
Zvose izvi zvakafambira mberi zvakasvika nokukurumidza uye dzakatsamwa uye dzakabatanidzwa kuti dzidzose kushingaira kutsva kwesainzi mukati mehutongi hwemhosva . Mystery novels uye nhepfenyuro nyaya dzakakurumbira mune tsika dzakawanda, dzichitungamirirwa nevanhu vakakosha saSir Arthur Conan Doyle, anonzi Sherlock Holmes.
Zvinyorwa zveMinwe Zvinyorwa Zvigadzire Nzira
Zvechokwadi, izvi zvose zvaiva zvikamu zvinokosha zvekupararira kwezvesayenzi yehutongi sechirango.
Zvichida zvakanyanya kufanirwa mberi, kunyange zvakadaro, yaiva mabasa akazvimiririra veChirungu Henry Faulds naWilliam Herschel uye musayendisiti weAmerica Thomas Taylor vachitaura nezvekusiyana kweminwe yevanhu uye kushandiswa kwavo kushandiswa pakutsanangura vanhu vanoita kuti kuve nekugadzirisa uye kugadziriswa kwemitemo yakagamuchirwa mune zvesayenzi .
Dr. Edmond Locard, Pioneer
Hapana kutaura nezvezvenyaya yezvesayenzi yepamusoro-soro ingadai yakakwana pasina kukurukura mishonga yakawanda yaDkt. Edmond Locard, scientist wechiFrench, uye chiremba wenyanzvi akadzidza nezvemitemo nemishonga. Locard akarayira pfungwa yokuti "zvose zvinosiya mutsara," nheyo inowanikwa nhasi mukupara kwemhosva.
Locard's Exchange Principle yakanyengetedza pfungwa yokuti chinhu nevose vanopinda munzvimbo yemhosva vanosiya chimwe cheuchapupu shure. Saizvozvowo, munhu wese nezvose zvinotora chikamu chechiitiko chemhosva pamwe navo pavanenge vachibva.
The First Criminal Lab
Kutenda kwaLoard uye kutsvakurudza kunomutungamirira kuti aite kuti dhipatimendi remapurisa muLyon, France rimupe hofisi uye vashandi kuti vaongorore uchapupu hunowanikwa pamhosva. Makamuri maviri echimbotera uye avo vaviri vanovabatsira munguva pfupi vakava kutanga kwebasa rezvematongerwo enyika.
Specialty in Forensic Science
Nhasi, munda wezvesayenzi yehupfumi huri hwose hwakaputika. Kufambira mberi kwekombiyuta kunobvumira kutsvaga kwakanakisisa uye kunzwisisa kwemasayenzi mune zvinyorwa zvose zvehuchapupu. Izvi, zvekare, zvinobvumira uipi hwemapurisa vatsva kuti vauye uye vape ruzivo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakadai seopastain pattern pattern uye ballistics .
DNA Analysis
Kufambira mberi kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri rakavakwa zvikuru pamusoro penheyo yakaiswa muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, kukwanisa kugadzirisa maitiro mukati maviri nekuongorora kuchengetedza. Mukupera kwema1900, zvisinei, zvichida kukanganisa kwakakura mumamiriro ehupfumi kunotsvakurudza kubva paminwe yeminwe yakava tsika yakazara yakauya nekuuya kweDNA kuongorora nekujekesa.
Remangwana reSayenzi yeZvesayenzi
Kushandiswa kweDNA munguva pfupi mukutsvaga kwemhosva kwakatungamirira kwete kungoziva zviratidzo zvisingatauri mhombwe, asi zvakare zvakakonzera kuputika kwekutenda kwakatangira uye kusunungurwa kwemazana evanhu vasina mhosva.
Nekufambira mberi mutsva mumagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemapurisa uye nesayenzi yepakombiyuta, kuparwa kwemhosva kwepachigaro uye sayenzi yehutano ichangova yakanyatsojeka sezvatinoenda mune ramangwana.
Kushanda muZvenisheni yeSayenzi
Kushanda semupurisa wenguva yemhosva kunogona kuva tariro inogutsa zvikuru. Nokuti munda wacho uchiri mutsva, masayendisiti ezvesayenzi anogona kukuisa pamagetsi matsva emagetsi matsva, teknolojia nekutsvakurudza. Uyezve, iwe uchakwanisa kurara uchiziva kuti uri kushanda kuti uunze kururamisira uye kubatsira vamwe.