Dzidza zvinyorwa zveInternet Disability Inishuwarenzi
Dare Rekudzivirira Kwekuremara rinoshuma kuti inowanikwa mushure mekuremara kwemazuva mazhinji ndeyemwedzi 34.6. Kuwanda kwekukuvadzwa uye zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekukuvara kwemasumuloskeletal uye kenza.
Ndicho chikonzero nei vashandi vachifanira kuva nehurongwa hwehutano hwekuremara hwemazuva mazhinji panzvimbo yekuchengetedza vashandi uye vanovimbisa kuti vanozodzokera kubasa munguva yakawanda yezvenguva.
Chii Chinonzi Inshuwarhu Yakareba?
Inishuwarenzi yekuremara kwenguva refu inobata chikamu chemari yevashandi (inenge inenge 50-70%) apo mushandi akakuvadzwa kana kurwara zvakakomba.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kana mushandi akakuvara kubva pabasa, mubhadharo wevashandi haazvifukidzi. Kana mushandi asingakwanisi kushanda kwenguva refu, chirongwa chekuremara kwenguva refu chinogona kubatsira kubvisa chikamu chemari yomushandi. Kuvhiringidzika kwenguva refu kunowanzopinza mushure mekunge purogiramu yenguva pfupi yekuremara yapera. Izvi zvinopoteredza masvondo gumi kusvika ku55 mushure mechiitiko chakakodzera, uye chiyero chiri masvondo makumi maviri nemaviri.
Dhipatimendi reUnited States of Labor rinoshuma kuti "Zvirongwa zvepanguva refu (88 muzana) zvine mari yakawanda inobhadharwa uye mubhadharo wepamusoro wepakati muna 2014 waiva $ 8,000 pamwedzi."
Ndiani Anotarisa Kuremara Kwemazuva Akareba?
Pane zvasarudzo zvishoma pamusoro paani anogona kubhadhara chirongwa chekuremara kwenguva refu. Makore apfuura, makambani mazhinji akabhadhara mari yakazara nokuda kwekuremara kwenguva refu. Iye zvino mamiriro acho anoita kuti kuchinja kuve nenzira iyi. Zvichienderana nechisarudzo chipi chinosarudzwa, zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana-siyana uye mitero inoshandiswa:
- Mushandi akashandisa zvikwereti zvakarongwa
- Mushandi wehurongwa hwekubhadhara zvakakwana
- Kugoverwa kunodhura chirongwa
Bhuku reMitemo neMabasa
Inishuwarenzi yeHarare inobatsira iyo inowanzova imwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvezvikamu zvekubatsira. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe makambani anosarudza kubhadhara kuvharwa kwenguva pfupi kana kusatombomira mumwe chete, vakawanda vashandi vanopa chirongwa chekuremara kwenguva refu chine mari inobhadharwa kuburikidza nemumwe mutungamiri wevanhu vakadai semubhadhari wekuremara.Vashandi vanogona kusarudza kuti mari yakawanda sei kusarudzwa kune vashandi vavo.
Zvirongwa zvakawanda zvinotora 50-70% yemari yemwedzi. Nguva yeurongwa huripo inogonawo kuwedzerwa kwenguva. Vamwe vanoronga kubhadhara chikwereti chemakore mashanu kubva kune gumi kusvika kune makumi mana anokosha, asi vamwe vanobhadhara kusvika kune makore 65, zvichienderana neshanho.
Imwe mabasa inotarisa kuvhara mari uye basa guru revashandi kupa zvipo zvakakwana kune vashandi vavo. DOL inopa zano rekuti mabasa ekubhadhara pasi ari munharaunda yebasa haatombove yakasarudzwa kusarudza kugoverwa, uye ndiyo inowanzokonzerwa nekukuvadzwa. Izvo zvakare iboka rebasa rinonyanya kushandiswa kweInishuwarenzi yehutano hwehurema hwehutano.
Pasi pemazano anoronga, vashandi vanoisa firimu nokuda kwekuremara vanogona kungofanirwa kugoverwa mune mamwe mazwi. Aya mazwi makuru akanyorwa pasi apa:
- Vashandi vanoda kushanda kumushandirwi kwechimwe chimwe nguva isati yatanga kuvhara.
- Vashandi vanoda kushanda nguva yakazara, kazhinji maawa makumi matatu kana kupfuura pavhiki.
Izvi zvinotevera chikamu chechirongwa chekuremara chirongwa chekuremara kwenguva refu chinogona kusanganisira:
- Percentage yemari yomwedzi wepamwedzi yakabhadharwa kusvika kune imwe yakagara yakagadzirirwa mwedzi wepamwedzi (inowanzo pakati pe50% - 70% yemari yomwedzi).
- Inotanga (inowanzo pakati pezuva 90 ne 180).
Zvichienderana nemashoko ekuronga, munhu ane hurema anogona kunge asina kukwana kugoverwa kwaakawana uye achafanira kusarudza rimwe basa raanofanirwa naro, mune dzidzo kana kudzidziswa.
Imwe nzira, inowanzochengeterwa vashandi vane unyanzvi kana kutungamirirwa nepamusoro, chirongwa chekuremara kwenguva refu iyo inobvumira munhu ane hurema kuti awane rubatsiro rwehupenyu hwose hwehuwandu, pasina kushandura mabasa.