Pano Ndizvo Chokwadi uye Zviverengero Zvaunoda Kuziva Nezvokuita Chisimba Kwebasa
Kuwedzerwa, Izvo Zvinoshandiswa neHuman Resources inosanganisira chinangwa chekutyisidzira uku kwechisimba chebasa uye sangano rekutanga rekudzivirirwa kwekudzivirira kwechisimba chebasa.
Chii chinokonzera chisimba kumabasa? Ndezviito zvechisimba zvinowanzoitika pabasa here? Ndezvipi zviito kana shanduko zvinoreva sangano iro munhu anogona kuita chiito chisimba pakushanda? Ichi chinyorwa nezvechisimba chebasa chinopindura mibvunzo iyi nezvehutano nekuchengeteka kwevashandi vako.
Zvinyorwa Nezvakanaka Nezvokurwisana Kwebasa PaPe Bureau yeBasa Statistics
Maererano neBhood of Labor Statistics (BLS) National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI):
"Kuita zvechisimba kumabasa-kusanganisira kurwisa uye kuzviuraya-kwakave ne15 muzana yezvose zvinokonzera kuurayiwa kwevanhu mumabasa muna 2015 (ona Slide 3 ye 2015 CFOI Chart Package) maererano nedzimwe nyaya Muchikamu chavo" Homicides yakashanda: Basa, "Eric Sygnatur naGuy Toscano vati" Kusiyana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, dzakawanda zvezviitiko izvi hazvirevi mhosva dzechido chakagadzirirwa nevashandi vanokanganisa uye vakaroorana, asi zvinokonzerwa nokupamba. "Ona tafura iyi yezvinyorwa zvekare pamusoro pekuuraya vanhu.
"Muna 2015, pakanga pane vanhu 16,380 vasina kuurayiwa vachikuvadza nemaune nemunhu (avo) avo vaida mazuva kure nebasa mumabhizimisi ega, asi izvi izvi zvinongodarika 2 muzana yezvisikwa zvisina kuuraya uye zvirwere mumhizha yega yega (ona Tafura R31.) "
"Paiva nezvikamu zvinokwana 2.9 mamiriyoni zvisina kumira munzvimbo dzebasa uye zvirwere zvinoratidzwa nevashandi vebhizimisi vari voga muna 2015, izvo zvakaitika pachiyero chemasero ma00 pane imwe zana yakaenzana nevashandi venguva yakazara.
Chirongwa cha2015 chinoenderera mberi nechimiro chekuderera kuti, kunze kwegore ra2012, chakaitika gore negore kwemakore 13 apfuura. Vhizimisi vashandisi vashandi vakashuma vanenge 48 000 vashoma vasati vakuvara uye zvirwere zvezvirwere muna 2015 zvichienzaniswa negore kare. "
Nhamba Nezvakanaka Nezvokurwisana Kwebasa Pasi Pano National Crime Crime Victimization Survey
Maererano neNational Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), 2 mamiriyoni anotambudzwa uye kutyisidzirwa kwechisimba kune veAmerica kubasa kunowanikwa gore negore. Rudzi rwakakurumbira rwemhirizhonga yebasa rwakanga rwuri kurwisana nechiyero chemamiriyoni 1,5 emabasa ekurwisana anowanikwa gore.
Kumanikidzwa kwebasa kumabasa kwakaitika sezvinotevera: 396,000 kuparadza zvakakomba, 51,000 kubatwa uye kurwisa zvepabonde, kupamba 84 000, uye 1 000 kuurayiwa kwakataurwa. Izvi zvingangodaro zvisingakwanisi nhamba chaiyo yezviito zvechisimba chekushanda, izvo, chaizvoizvo, zvakaitika kubasa sezvisiri zviitiko zvose zvechisimba zvekushanda zvinoshushwa.
Kuita nhamba pamusoro pebasa rekuita zvechisimba kunonyanya kuoma nokuti havasi vashandi vose vanorondedzera chisimba munzvimbo yebasa kuvashandirwi avo zvikuru kudhipatimendi rehurumende dzinoona nhamba dzechisimba zvekushanda.
Nzvimbo Dzebasa Dzakataridzirwa Kumhirizhonga Pabasa
Nhau dzezvemashoko dzinofanirwa kufungidzira zviito zvechisimba chebasa zvinosanganisira vashandi-munguva pfupi uye zvakananga, mhaka dzinosanganisira mutambi wekushanda.
Mukufungidzira zviitiko zvechisimba chebasa, vanobvisa kusimbiswa kubva kune zvinangwa zvakakosha zvezvirongwa zvekuchengeteka munzvimbo.
Zviitiko zvechisimba zvekushanda zvinowanzoitika zvinowanzova zvakajairika mune dzimwe makambani uye mune mamwe mabasa. Zvechokwadi, chinangwa chinowanzovhiringidza chekuita zvekushandiswa kunobata basa ndechokuba, kuverengera makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvemhirizhonga yekushanda kumabasa. Vanhu avo vanoshandiswa kutengesa zvigadzirwa kana kuita nenzira yakachengeteka nyaya mumabasa anotarisana nehuruzhinji vanowanzosangana nekuita chisimba kumabasa.
Ndeapi Mungozi Yechisimba Chebasa Rakanyanya Kuwedzera?
Sangano reNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), rinopa ruzivo runoratidzira chero ani zvake anogona kuurayiwa panzvimbo yebasa, asi njodzi dzinowedzera kumhirizhonga kumabasa mune mamwe mashizha nemabasa. Iko musikisi yekatekisi ine ngozi yakanyanya yekushandiswa kwechisimba kumabasa, inenge makumi matanhatu nguva yevhareji yenyika yekumanikidzwa kwebasa kumabasa.
Mamwe mabasa ari pangozi yakakura anosanganisira mapurisa, mapurisa, mashizha, vashandi vemagetsi, uye vashandi vanochengeteka. Muchidzidzo cheNCVS, yakatsanangurwa kare, vashandi vekutengesa vatengesi ndivo vakawanda vakaurayiwa, uye 330 000 vakarwisa gore negore.
Vakatungamirirwa nemapurisa, uye 234 200 mahofisi akaitirwa zvakaipa. Kukakavadzana pakati pevashandi pamwe navo nevatengi nevatengi vaitaura nezve-chegumi chezviitiko zvose zvemhirizhonga yebasa gore negore.
Kuwedzera kwekukuvadzwa kwebasa kunokonzerwa nezviitiko zvekufambisa kupfuura kubva kune chimwe chiitiko muna 2014. Zviitiko zvemugwagwa ndoga zvaive zvikamu zvinokwana chimwe chete pazvina zvose zvakakuvara kwebasa rinouraya.
Nokudaro, nepo nenyaya ino ichisimbisa kuti chisimba chinogona kuitika pakati pevashandi, hapana chekuchengetedzwa kwezvokuchengetedza panzvimbo yebasa kunogona kukanganisa chokwadi chokuti chisimba chinowanzobva kunze kwebasa rekushanda.
Uyewo hazvikanganisi chokwadi chokuti maererano neU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, muna 2016, "Mabhomba ndiwo aiva akajairika ainyanya kuurayiwa nebasa kune avo varume uye wechipiri inowanzozivikanwa nevakadzi.Nzira inowanzotambudza mubasa- kuurayiwa kwakabatana kunosanganisira vakadzi kwaiva hama kana wekumba. "
Kuziva Kukonzera Kushandiswa Kwechisimba Kwebasa Kuti Chiitike
Larry Porte, aimbova mumiririri weChita Service uye uyo aimbova Mutungamiri weHoten Response uye Asset Protection Division yeKerby Bailey uye Associates, anotaura kuti chisimba chebasa ndechimwe chinhu chisingaitiki muvharo. "Chisimba ndicho chibereko chekubatana pakati pezvinhu zvitatu:
- "munhu anotora chiito chisimba;
- "kukurudzira kana kukonzera mamiriro ezvinhu anotungamirira munhu kuti aone chisimba se'kubuda '; uye
- "chigadziro chinokurudzira kana kubvumira chisimba, chigadziro umo kusina kupindira."
Porte inotaura kuti vanoita zvechisimba kumabasa vanowanzova nechimwe chezvinangwa izvi. Munhu anokonzerwa nechisimba kumabasa anoda:
- "kubudirira mukuziva kana mukurumbira;
- "kuunza nyika kucherechedza dambudziko rega;
- "kutsiva chinonzi chakanga chisina kunaka; kana
- "kugumisa kurwadziwa kwake, kuurayiwa."
Anofunga kuti kushanda kwebasa "ndeyezvinhu zvinonzwisisika uye zvinowanzooneka nzira dzekufunga nemafambiro."
Mune pepanhau rinotsanangura masere masere echisimba chebasa chakaitika muna 2017, Bryan Strawser weBryghtpath anoti, "Sezvatinoshanda pamwe chete kurwisana nechisimba kumabasa, chinetso chikuru ndechokuti hapana zviitiko zviviri zvakafanana zvakafanana. vashandi kuupamba vachiedza kune mumwe munhu kungofunga kuti vanga vakwana.
"Sezvo zviitiko izvi zvisingakwanisi kufanotaura, zvakakosha kukudziridza zvakasimba kudzidzira zvechisimba kumabasa uye mitemo kuitira kuti vashandi vako vazive kutarisa zviratidzo zvekurumidza nekuita zvakakodzera kana mamiriro ezvinhu achiitika."
Zviratidzo Zvinoitwa Nomushandi Anogona Kuita Chisimba
Dr. Lynne McClure, nyanzvi inozivikanwa munyika yose yekugadzirisa hutsika hutsika hwevashandi vasati vaurira kumhirizhonga kumabasa, inotsanangura izvi zvinonzwisisika nenzira nenzira inonzwisisika. Anoti kune humwe hutatu humwe zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvinoratidza kuti zvinogona kuita zvechisimba kumabasa kuti zviitike.
Vatariri, vatungamiri, vashandi pamwe chete, uye vashandi veHuman Resources vanoda kuziva zviratidzo izvi zvekumanikidzwa kwebasa kumabasa . Zvinonyoresa kurasika paunenge uchitarisana nevamwe uye haisi nguva dzose inofananidzira zviito zvechisimba.
Kutevedzera chiitiko chemhirizhonga panzvimbo yebasa, zvisinei, vashandi pamwe chete vanoziva kuti vakaona zviratidzo uye kuchinja kwehutano hwemumwe waaishanda naye musati zvaitika uye havana kutora matanho. Kutaura zvazviri, kurovedzwa pakuziva zviratidzo zvekumanikidzwa kwebasa kumunhu unoshanda naye ndeimwe yemikana inokosha mikana ine zvekudzivirira kumanikidzwa kwebasa.
8 Maitiro Anogona Kufanotaura Mabasa Ebasa Rokuita Chisimba
Mubhuku rake, "Risky Bhizinesi: Kutarisira Basa Rokuita Chisimba Munharaunda," McClure anorondedzera hutatu hutsika hwekuzviisa pangozi dzinoratidza kudiwa kwehutungamiri hwekupindira. Anotaura kuti kuzvibata kwakanyanya kune ngozi kune maitiro ose ezuva nezuva anoitika mune dzimwe mararamiro-anowanzopera kwenguva refu mberi kwekutyisidzira kana kurwisana kwebasa kumabasa.
Aya mapfumbamwe emhirizhonga yebasa McClure anocherechedza ndeaya anotevera:
- Mucherechedzo maitiro: Mubhizimisi anoita kuti hasha dzake nemabasa akadai sekudanidzira, kudanidzira, kupopotera magonhi, kupinza zvinhu, nezvimwe zvakadaro.
- Kusiyanisa mafambiro: Mubasa haatore mhaka yezviito zvake uye anoona kusabatana pakati pezvaanoita nemigumisiro kana migumisiro yezviito zvake. Somuenzaniso, anopa vamwe mhosva yezvikanganiso zvake .
- Ini-Maitiro ekutanga: Bhizimisi anoita zvaanoda, pasinei nemigumisiro yakaipa kune vamwe. Semuenzaniso, mushandi wacho anotora nguva yekupedza munguva yekupedzisira kumhanyira kuwana zvigadzirwa kune mutengi, asi vamwe vose vashandi vari kushanda zvakaoma.
- Mixed-Messenger maitiro: Muranda anotaura zvakanaka asi anozvibata zvisina kunaka. Semuenzaniso, mushandi wacho anoita nenzira isingafungi-ine utsinye achitaura kuti iye ari mutambi wechikwata , asi zvino, anoramba kugovana ruzivo nevamwe vake.
- Matanda-Anogadzirisa mafambiro: Mubhizimisi akaoma, asingakwanisi, uye kutonga. Haazoedzi teknolojia itsva, anoda kuve ari kutarisira, kana kuti nechinangwa achidzivisa ruzivo.
- Kupukunyuka-Mutevedzeri mafambiro: Mubhizimisi anotarisana nekunetseka nokureva nhema uye / kana kutora chikamu mumitemo yekudhakwa yakadai semishonga kana kubhejera.
- Kuita mherechedzo: Bhizimisi anoita kamwe-kamwe munzira dzisingabviri uye / kana zvakanyanyisa. Semuenzaniso, kazhinji munhu akatendeka anokundikana kuratidzika kana kudana mukurwara kubasa. Munhu anoratidza maitiro matsva ekupinda.
- Muchengeti wesimba: Mushandi ari kure, ane unyanzvi hwakanaka hwemagariro evanhu, anogadziriswa pane imwe pfungwa uye / kana mumwe munhu.
Maererano naMcClure, "Kana maneja, mutariri kana munhu weH HR achiona maitiro aya, anofanira kunyora , kutaura nevashandi , kukurukura maitiro maererano nemafungiro avo emabasa, uye vanoda kudzidziswa, kupa mazano, kana vose. uyewo kuona kukosha kwekuita chirango .
"Mutungamiri, mutariri kana munhu weH HR anofanira kuenderera mberi nekucherechedza mafambiro evashandi.Icho chinangwa ndechokuita kuti mushandi achinje mararamiro ake , kuburikidza nekuwana unyanzvi uye / kana kutarisana nezvinetso, kana kusiya nzvimbo yebasa nechisarudzo kana kusarudza kwekambani . "
Zvimwe Zviitiko uye Mazano Anotarisa Kuona Pabasa Rokuita
Haig Neville mu "Kutarisana Nemhirizhonga Yebasa" inotsanangura nyaya dzakawanda zvakare. "A" New York Times "yekuongorora kwekuuraya kwevanhu zana ... yakawana kuti vazhinji vevaurayi 'vakavhiringidza kwenguva refu, zvishoma nezvishoma, mupfungwa uye mupfungwa.' Maererano nekudzidza, vazhinji vanouraya vakapa zviratidzo zvakawanda zvavakanga vari mumatambudziko. "
Nezvo izvi mupfungwa, vashandi vanofanira kuva vakangwarira kune zvimwe zvekufananidzira kwekuita zvechisimba. Izvi zvinosanganisira " vashandi vanoita: vanoshandisa kutya , kutaura pamusoro pezvombo, kuratidza kupesana kana kupesana nemafambisirwo emagariro evanhu, vanonzwa kuti havanzwiki nekambani, kuratidzira kukanganisa zvakanyanya, vane nhoroondo yechisimba, vari kusurukirwa vasina kukodzera iri neboka racho. "
Mukubvunzurudzwa naEric Snyder, Mutungamiri uye Mutungamiri mukuru weTCM, Inc., McClure vakati zvitatu zvezviyeuchidzo izvi zvakasara vasati vauraya vashandi vanomwe paEdgewater Technology muWakefield, Massachusetts paDecember 26, 2000. (The chiito icho chakafuridzira kuponda kwakawanda, kusanganisira kuuraya kwevashandi vaviri veH HR, ndicho chaidiwa ne IRS kuti kambani inowana mubairo waMichael McDermott.)
McClure anoti takazoziva kuti mushandi uyu aiva pasi pekuchengetwa kwepfungwa uye kutora mishonga. Asati aurayiwa, zvakadaro, akaratidza maitiro akaparadzana; akazviona semhosva yekambani yekudzivirira kubva ku IRS. Akaratidza mufambiro wekudarika umo maitiro ake aive akawandisa uye asina maitiro.
Vhiki isati yatanga kuurayiwa, "McDermott akashatirwa nekushatirwa kwebasa, iyo yakanga iri yakanyanya uye yakanga isiri yomuitiro kwaari." Pakupedzisira, McDermott akaratidza mufambiro wekuseka; iye "anoita kunge akanga ari kure, uye akazogadziriswa ne IRS uye basa rekambani mukumudzivirira kubva ku IRS."
Zvinotarisirwa uye Zvinopesana Nechisimba Chebasa
Sangano rekushandiswa kwechisimba re Workplace Violence rinofungidzira mari yekushandiswa kwechisimba kumabasa emabhizimisi eUnited States pa $ 36 mabhiriyoni pagore. Neville anoti, "Zvinodhura zvinosanganisira kurapwa uye kurapwa kwepfungwa, kurasikirwa kwebhizimisi nekubudirira, kugadzirisa uye kuchenesa, hukuru hwehushuwarhu huwandu, huwandu hwekuchengetedza mari, uye yakaipisisa, kurasikirwa kwevashandi vanokosha.
Mukuwedzera, vashandi vebhizimisi vari kuwedzera kutongerwa mhosva yekusaita nzvimbo yavo yakachengeteka kune vashandi nevatengi. Nzvimbo dzinogona kunge dzakakonzerwa nemhirizhonga dzinoshandiswa kumabasa dzinofanira kuva nehanya nevashandi dzinosanganisira zviito zvevanhu nekuda kwekushaya mari , kubhadharwa kwevashandi, kubvunzwa kwevashandi kwekukuvadza, kupindira kwezviito zvevamwe, uye Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mhaka dzekupomerwa.
Nhanho Dzakakosha Kudzivirira Chisimba Chebasa
Chisimba chebasa chinogona kuitika pano. Chisimba chebasa chinogona kuitika kwauri kana mumwe munhu waunoda. Kana iwe uine ruzivo uye ukangwarira pamusoro pechisimba chebasa uye zviratidzo zvayo kune vashandi, zvisinei, unogona kutarisira uye kutora zviito zvinogona kudzivirira kuitika kwaro.
- Tanga kuburikidza nekugadzirisa hurongwa hwekuregererwa kwe zero kune chero chiito chekuita zvechisimba kumabasa.
- Ziva vashandi vako; kuziva kana maitiro evashandi ari kunze kweavo.
- Dzidzisa vatariri, vatungamiri, uye vamwe vashandi vanorayira kusaita mabasa evasingaoneki kuvanhu veHuman Resources vanotarisirwa uye vane maitiro akanaka, anotarisira.
- Iva nechokwadi chokuti vashandirwi venyu HR vanoita chimwe chinhu pamushumo chero upi zvake wehutsika hwemabasa.
- Mubhuku rako rebasa, shandisa mitemo yepamabasa uye nzira dzinorambidza tsika dzose dzechisimba uye kupa chirango chakasimba kune chero mushandi anotyora mutemo.
- Kana mushandi achiputsa purogiramu yacho, ita nokukurumidza kubvisa munhu kubva kubasa rako kuburikidza nekumiswa uye nguva zhinji, kushanda basa .
- Rega chero mushandi akapedzisira aziva kuti kana akaonekwa munzvimbo yako yebasa chero nguva mune ramangwana, iwe uchadana mapurisa uye unovapa mhosva nekudarika.
- Chengetedza nzvimbo yako yebasa. Iva nechokwadi chokuti vashandi chete nevashambadzi vakasarudzwa vanogona kupinda munzvimbo yako yebasa nekiyi kana padhi kadi.
- Ita chirongwa chekuita chirongwa chekukurumidzira kuitira kuti mumamiriro ekurwisana kwebasa, vashandi vose vane nzira yekubuda.
- Kufambisa kunyoresa maitiro ekudzidzira maitiro nemahofisi emunharaunda ekumanikidzwa kwepamutemo.
- Dzorera mhepo inogona kukonzera chisimba; kupa munhu anogona kuva nechisimba pane imwe nzvimbo kuti atende rubatsiro rwakadai seHashandi Assistance Program (EAP).
Yeuka, kushungurudzwa kwebasa kunogona kuitika kwauri kana mumwe munhu waunoda. Tsvaga kuti ungagadzirisa sei njodzi yebasa .
Zvinonzwisisika: Ndapota cherechedza kuti ruzivo rwakapiwa, kunyange rune simba, haruna kuvimbiswa nekururamisa uye mutemo. Nzvimbo iyi inowanikwa nemitemo yenyika yose uye mitemo nemitemo inoshandiswa inoparadzaniswa kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kunyika uye nyika kune imwe nyika. Ndapota tsvaka rubatsiro rwemitemo , kana rubatsiro runobva kuHurumende, Federal, kana Hurumende dzehurumende, kuti uone kuti kududzira kwako kwepamutemo uye zvisarudzo zvakarurama panzvimbo yako. Iyi ruzivo nderokutungamirira, pfungwa, uye rubatsiro.