Mhuri yekurapa kweMhuri , kana FMLA sezvainowanzotaurwa, inogona kunge yakaoma zvakanyanya uye saka vanhu vazhinji havashandise basa rino rinokosha rinoitirwa mushandi. Nehuwandu hwemashoko asina kunaka ari kunze uko, zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuwana mhinduro dzakarurama. Pano, takanyora zvimwe zvezvinhu zvisingasviki pamusoro pe FMLA, kuitira kuti iwe unogona kuva mushandi ane ruzivo uye utore zororo rakagamuchirwa kana uchida iwe.
# 1 - Is FMLA yakabhadharwa nguva?
Kwete, uye hongu. Kunyange zvazvo Family Medical Leave Act inopa hovha yakachengetedzwa kwebasa kwekanguva chevashandi vanofanirwa, nguva ino inogona kana kuti isingabhadharwi nemushandi. Izvi zvose zvinodaro kana mushandi wacho ane kodzero yokubhadhara nguva kuburikidza nemumwe wavo mushandi. Semuenzaniso, mushandi anogona kunge akakodzera kwemazuva makumi maviri nemaviri ekubhadhara nguva gore rimwe nerimwe asi ashandisa mazuva mana eizvi nokuda kwezvikonzero zvake. Nokudaro, mushandi angashandisa nguva yake yakasara yekubhadhara kwemazuva gumi nemanomwe (kana maawa 136) munguva yekuenda kweMFLA. Nguva yakasara iripo isina kubhadharwa, saka mushandi achadikanwa kuva nezvimwe zvinhu panguva ino, zvakadai seakazvinyorwa sekuchengetedzeka kwekodha kana mari yemumwe wako.
# 2 - Ndinobhadhara here paMFLA?
Munguva yemagariro anogamuchirwa nemutemo, mushandirwi wako haafaniri kubhadhara iwe mubhadharo asi unofanirwa kuti uenderere mberi kune zvimwe zvimwe zvekubatsira, zvakadai sehutano inshuwarheni, kubhadhara mari yekubhadharwa, uye kugoverana kwepfuma.
Basa rako rakachengetedzwa uye iwe une chokwadi chokuti (kana basa rakaenzana) richakumirira iwe paunodzokera kubasa zvakare. Sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, unokodzera kushandisa chero nguva yakabhadharwa yakabhadharwa paunenge uchitora FMLA, saka iwe unogona kukwanisa kuzvitsigira uchishandisa mamwe mari kana PTO yapera.
# 3 - Ndingave sei akakodzera FMLA?
Kuti uwane chibvumirano cheMFLA, kutanga kambani yako inofanira kusangana nedzimwe nzira, inonziwo "muvambi akavharidzirwa." Izvi zvinoreva kuti mushandirwi wako anofanira kunge ane vashandi vanenge makumi mashanu kana kupfuura vanoshanda mukati meharaira yemiraira makumi manomwe. Saka, kunyange kana mushandi wako ane vashandi mazana maviri, asi basa rega rega mairi pamahofisi emagetsi mashanu akaparadzaniswa nemakiromita makumi matatu kana kupfuura, unogona kuendeswa kune FMLA. Zvisinei, vashandi vakawanda vacharamba vachipa FMLA, uye kune mitemo yehurumende uye yomunharaunda iyo inogona kuita kuti iwe uwane kodzero. Chechipiri, unofanira kunge wakashanda kwemwedzi 12 (haafaniri kuitevera), uye kwemaawa 1250 (maawa anenge 24 mavhiki). Cherechedza kuti haukwanisi kuverenga nguva dzisina basa kwemakore manomwe kana kupfuura pakati. Vamwe vashandi vanoshanda munzvimbo yekuchengetedza zvinhu uye kumasangano ehurumende uye zvikoro zvinoda kushanda maawa mashomanana kuti vave vakakodzera.
# 4 - Ndinokumbira sei uye rini FMLA?
Zvakakosha zvikuru kuzivisa dhipatimendi rako revanhu rekushandisa pakarepo paunenge uchiziva kuti unofanirwa kushandiswa kweFMF yako. Zvechokwadi, iwe unofanirwa kupa svondo remazuva makumi matatu ezvinyorwa zvakatora kuti uende kweFMLA, kana kuti inogona kurambwa neunoshandira. Munyaya yechiitiko chisingafanoonekwi, sechiitiko kana chirwere chemwana kana mudzimai, iwe ungada kugovera zvinyorwa zvekurapa kuti ukumbire iri zororo uye kuti zviitwe.
Washandi wako anofanira kukupa mhinduro mukati mazuva mashanu ebhizimisi kubva pane chikumbiro chekutanga chekuenda kweFMLA.
# 5 - Is FMLA yakafanana nekuremara kwenguva pfupi here?
Kwete, nepo FMLA yakafanana nekutora nguva kune zvimwe zvikonzero, hazvina kufanana nekuremara kwenguva pfupi. I-FMLA yakagadzirirwa zvinangwa zvekubvumira mushandi kutarisira kuberekwa kana kubvumidzwa kwemwana mutsva, mudzimai anonyanya kuora kana nhengo yemhuri, kana nhengo yepedyo yemhuri iyo yakakuvadzwa yakaitwa nhengo yeuto. Kushana kwemazuva ekuremara kwemazuva kwakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kukuvara kwega kana kurwara kwewe pachake kwenguva yakagamuchirwa inogamuchirwa.
# 6 - Inguva yakareba sei iwe unogona kushandira basa re FMLA?
Kazhinji, nguva yenguva yaunokwanisa kuwana FMLA inosvikira mavhiki gumi nemaviri anochengetedza basa, uye mamwe anobvumirwa kusvikira masvondo gumi nemasere (ehurumende).
Asi iwe unosvika kwenguva yakareba sei kutora FMLA yakakwira kwauri uye iwe nemumwe wako kana iye zvakare anoronga kutora zororo. Semuenzaniso, baba vatsva vangasarudza kutora masvondo matatu kubva, asi mudzimai wake anotora mavhiki gumi nemaviri kubva pabasa kuti awanezve mushure mokuberekwa.
# 7 - Chirwere chekurapa chaMFR chiripo here?
Zvakare, FMLA haisi yakagadzirirwa senzira yekudzoka kubva kuchirwere chekuda nekuda kwekukuvadzwa kana chirwere chakawedzerwa, uyewo isiri yema inshuwarisi. Kurapa kwekurapa kwechiremba inobatsira yebasa inowanikwa kune vamwe vashandi. Kana kukuvadzwa kana kurwara kwakafanana nechiitiko chebasa kana kuti nengozi, saka kurapa kwechiremba kazhinji kunovharwa pasi pevashandi vanobhadhara mari yekutsvaga inshumo uye inogona kuva kwemavhiki akawanda kana mwedzi zvichienderana nekufambira mberi kwekuwana.
# 8 - Vabereki vaviri vanogona kutora FMLA here?
Hongu, muzviitiko zvakawanda vabereki vose vanogona kutora zororo re FMLA. Izvi zvose zvinodaro kana vabereki vaviri vashandirwi vakavharwa nevashandirwi pasi pemutemo weFMLA uye kana vakashanda nhamba inodiwa yeawa nemayezi kuti vakwanise. Semuenzaniso, amai vatsva vanogona kushandira vashandi vakavharidzirwa uye vakashanda nhamba inodaidzwa kwemwedzi nemaawa vasati vakumbira FMLA. Baba vanogona kunge vakashanda kumushandi akavharwa, asi sezvo achangotanga basa rake mwedzi 4 yapfuura, haagoni kutora FMLA. Kana vabereki vose vakakodzera, vanofanira kuudza vashandi vavo uye kukumbira hovha nokukurumidza pavanoziva kuti vanoda nguva yacho.
# 9 - Ndeapi mamiriro akafukidzwa pasi pe FMLA?
Sororo reMFLA rinogadzirirwa zvinangwa zvakananga kana mushandi achida kutora nguva yakareba. Iyi mitemo inosanganisira kubata kana kubvumirwa kwevana vatsva , kuiswa kwemwana mukugamuchirwa, chirwere chakakomba uye kurapwa kwemumwe wako, mwana, nhanho-mwana, mwana akarera, mubereki, kana mumwe mutemo. I-FMLA inobatanidzawo nhengo dzepedyo dzemhuri dzekukuvadzwa kushanda mubasa remauto evanhu, saka mubereki angatarisira mwana mukuru kana mushandi angatarisira mukoma.
# 10 - Chii chinoitika kana ndikasagona kudzoka kuzoshanda kubva kune FMLA?
Izvi zvinoshungurudza izvo vazhinji vanezvo kana zvasvika pakusiya kweMFLA. Sei? Nokuti nguva yekudzoka kana zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kuwedzera kunze kwevabvumirwe mavhiki 12 kusvika ku18 ekusiya. Nepo izvi zvisingashamisi, vashandi vanofanira kuita zvose zvavanogona kuti vashandise izvi nevanoshandira avo pakarepo pavanoziva kuti vangave vachida nguva yakawanda. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kushandiswa kweMFP kunogona kupiwa nemushandirwi nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka, kana kuti mushandirwi angabvunza vashandi kuti vashande zvishoma chikamu kana kubva kumba panguva ino. Saizvozvowo, unogona kudzoka zvakare kushanda nokukurumidza kana uchida.
# 11 - Ndeipi sangano rinosimudzira FMLA kana ndine dambudziko?
Dzimwe nguva, matambudziko uye mibvunzo inouya apo paIfifa yakagamuchirwa zororo. Dhipatimendi reUnited States of Labor ndiro sangano rehurumende rinosimudzira FMLA, saka kana iwe usingakwanisi kuwana mhinduro kubva kune waunoshandira kana kana iwe uchifunga kuti wakarambwa muzororo asi unokodzera, unogona kutaurirana kugoverana kwenyika iyi sangano. Makambani anokundikana kutevera mirayiridzo yeFFLA inowanikwa pasi pemari yakaoma uye zvikwereti.
Kana uine mibvunzo yakawanda, unogona kutora Bhuku reMabasa reHIV reHIV rinopiwa neDhipatimendi reVashandi.