The Very High-Frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR) system inoratidziro yemhepo inoshandiswa. Kunyange zvazvo vakwegura kupfuura GPS , VORs inowanzoshandiswa uye yakave iyo yakatendeseka yakawanda yekufambisa mashoko kubva kuma1960, uye ichiri kushanda senzira inobatsira yevashandi vezvikepe vasina GPS mauto.
VOR System Components
Shanduro yeVOR inoumbwa nechigadziro chevhu uye inopinza ndege.
Zviteshi zvevhu zveVOR zvinowanikwa uye zviri kunze kwezvikwata zvepamhepo kuti zvipe hutungamiri ruzivo kune varairidzi vose vari munzira uye panguva yekuuya nekuenda. Sangano reVOR rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, uye vatyairi vemotokari vanogona kushandisa VORs kufamba munyika yose.
Imwe midziyo ine ndege inosanganisira antenna yeVOR, mutori weVOR frequency, uye chikwata chebhendi. Chimbo chemhando yacho chinopesana asi chichava nechimwe cheizvi chinotevera: Omni-Bearing Indicator (OBI), Chirongwa cheMamiriro Ehutachiona (HSI) kana reRadio Magnetic Indicator (RMI), kana kusanganiswa kwemhando mbiri dzakasiyana.
Kuyera Kuyera Matoro (DME) inowanzoputirwa neVOR kupa vashandi vengaravheti chiratidzo chaiyo chengarava yemhepo kubva kuVOR station.
VORs ane AM kuparidzira izwi, uye VOR imwe neimwe ine code yeMorse code inoratidza kuti inoparidzira kune vatyairi vengarava. Icho chinoita kuti vatyairi vengarava vafambe vachibva kunzvimbo yakakodzera yeVOR, sezvo pane kazhinji mahofisi akawanda eVOR mukati mekuronga ndege imwe chete.
Iyo inoshanda sei
IVOR ground station inopindirana nemagnetic north, uye inobudisa zviratidzo zviviri - chiratidzo chinosvika 360-degree chinoshambadza uye chinonzi Omni-directional reference signal. Zviratidzo zvinofananidzwa nemutevedzeri wemakumbo, uye kusiyana kwechikamu pakati pavo kunotaridzika, kupa chimiro chaiyo chemhepo ye ndege uye kuchiratidza kuri OBI, HSI kana RMI.
VORs inouya nemhando dzakasiyana dzemabasa uye zviyero: High, Low and Terminal. Kumusoro-kukwirira kweVORs kunogona kushandiswa kusvika pamamita makumi matanhatu nemazana nemakumi matatu nemakiromita makiromita akafara. Kumucheto-kwakakwirira VORs ndege yebasa kusvika pamamita 18 000 uye kusvika ku 40 nautical makiromita yakafara. Terminal VORs inokwira kusvika pamakiromita gumi nemaviri uye 25 nautical miles. Nyoreji yeVORs inowanzopa kugoverwa kwakakwana pamwe chete nechabudiswa VFR uye IFR migwagwa.
VOR Errors
Sezvimwe chero masangano, VOR inouya nezvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kuitika. Kunyange zvazvo yakanyatsojeka uye yakashandiswa kupfuura yekare yeNNB system , VOR ichiri chine-line-ye-kuona chiridzwa. Vatyairi vemabhiza vanobhururuka munzvimbo dzakaderera kana mumakomo vanogona kuwana zvakaoma kuziva chirongwa cheVOR kubudirira.
Uyezve, pane "kereke yekuvhiringidzika" paunenge uchibhururuka pedyo neVOR. Kwenguva pfupi apo ndege inofamba pedyo kana kupfuura pamusoro pechiteshi cheVOR, chiridzwa che ndege chinopa kuverenga kusina kururama.
Pakupedzisira, vor ground system zvinoda nguva dzose kuchengetedzwa, uye dzinowanzobuda kunze kwechinguva kwenguva pfupi apo kugadzirisa kunoitwa.
Mazano Anoshanda eVOR Navigation System:
Mushure mekutarisa mune imwe nzvimbo yeVOR nzvimbo uye muchiziva kuti Morse code yakarurama, mutyairi achakwanisa kuziva kuti ndeipi iyo inobva ku-VOR station iyo ndege iripo.
Icho chinonzi OBI, HSI kana RMI mujongwe rinotaridzika rinoratidzika sekambasi kana chiratidzo chinotungamira, neChimwe Chimwe Chinodikanwa Chokuita (CDI) nheyo pairi. ICDI ichazvibatanidza nemhepo iyo ndege iripo. Paired with DME, mutyairi anogona kutsanangura nzvimbo chaiyo kubva panzvimbo.
Uyezve, kushandiswa kwezvivako zviviri zveVOR kunogadza nzvimbo chaiyo kunyange yakarurama zvakanyanya kuburikidza nekushandisa miviri yakareba, kunyange pasina DME.
Vatyairi vanofambisa dzimwe radials kuenda kana kubva kuVORs senzira yekutanga yekufamba. Airways inowanzogadzirwa uye kubva kuVOR zvivako zvekusununguka kwekushandisa.
Mune fomu yaro yepamusoro, nzvimbo yeVOR inogona kushandiswa kuenda kune imwe ndege. Nhamba yakawanda yezvivako zveVOR zviri panzvimbo yepamhanda yepamhepo, zvichibvumira kunyange vatyairi vechikoro kuti vhururuke zvakananga kuVOR kuti vawane ndege yacho nyore nyore.
Sangano reVOR riri pangozi yekurasikirwa ne FAA nekuda kwekuzivikanwa kwekombiyuta itsva sezvakaita GPS, WAAS , uye ADS-B. Nokuda kwenguva iyo, vashandi vengaravheti vacharamba vachishandisa VORs senzira yepamusoro yekubatsira, asi mune ramangwana riri kure, sezvo dzimwe ndege dzichigadziriswa ne GPS, VORs ingangodaro inotora basa kubva pakushandiswa.