Iyo ADF / NDB yekufamba-shanduka ndeimwe yekare kare yekufamba-shanduka zvirongwa zviri kushandiswa nhasi. Inoshanda kubva pane inonyanya kushandiswa kweredhiyo rekutsvaga motokari: a-based-based radio transmitter (NDB) inotumira chiratidzo chemu omdidirectional kuti ndege yegeop antenna inogamuchira. Chigumisiro ndicho chimbo chebhendi (ADF) chinoratidza nzvimbo ye ndege kune imwe nzvimbo yeNNB, ichibvumira mutyairi kuenda "kumba" kune chiremba kana kutarisa nzira kubva panzvimbo.
ADF Component
Iyo ADF ndiyo Automatic Direction Finder uye inofambisa chikwata chinotarisa chinotungamira chairo kune mutyairi. Automatic direction finder instruments inogadziriswa uye inowanzofambisa mafunguro eredhiyo kubva kune zviteshi zvepasi-pasi, kusanganisira zvisikwa zvisingaiti, zvigadziriro zvekugadzirisa masayoni uye zvinokwanisa kugamuchira zviteshi zvekutengeswa kweredhiyo.
ADF inogamuchira zviratidzo zveredhiyo nemaine antennas: a loop antenna uye antenna inonzwa. Ikoti antenna inogadzirisa simba rechiratidzo chinogamuchirwa kubva pachigaro chepasi kuti chigone kutungamirirwa kwechiteshi, uye pfungwa yeantenna inosarudza kana ndege iri kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo kana kure kure nesiteshi.
NDB Component
NDB inomiririra kusingatungamiri bhakoni. NDB inzvimbo yepasi iyo inounza chiratidzo chenguva dzose kumativi ose, iyo inozivikanwa seomnidirectional beacon. Chiratidzo cheN NDB chakashanda pane imwe nguva pakati pa 190 na35 KHz haiti kupa ruzivo pamusoro pechiratidzo chechiratidzo - kungova simba raro.
NDB zviteshi zvakarongerwa mumapoka mana:
- Iyo kambasi inogadzirisa isacon-homing beacon inoshandiswa munguva dzepamusoro pedo nebhekoni pachayo uye ine mararamiro gumi nematanhatu emakungwa
- The Medium Homing (MH) chikamu chine mhando ye 25 nautical miles
- Homing (H) chikamu chine mararamiro makumi mashanu emakungwa nemaoko
- IHigh High Homing (HH) yeboka rine mararamiro makumi manomwe nemafuta emakiromita
NDB zviratidzo zvinofamba pamusoro penyika, zvichienderana nekuputika kwePasi. Ndege inenge ichibhururuka pedyo nevhu uye mapurisa eNNB achawana chiratidzo chinotendwa, asi chiratidzo chinoramba chiri nyore kune zvikanganiso.
ADF / NDB Zvikanganiso
- Ionosphere Chikanganiso: Kunyanya panguva dzekuvira kwezuva nekubuda kwezuva, ionosphere inoratidza zviratidzo zveNADB zvakare kuNyika, zvichikonzera kuchinja kweAdF nete.
- Kushamwaridzana kweMagetsi: Munharaunda dzekushandiswa kwemagetsi, sekutinhira kwemvura, ADF nete ichasvibisa kune iyo inobva kune magetsi, zvichiita kuverenga kusina kururama.
- Nzvimbo Dzakanganisa: Makomo kana matombo ane mhepo anogona kukonzera kana kuratidza zviratidzo. Mutyairi wacho anofanirwa kuregererwa kuverenga zvisiri izvo munzvimbo idzi.
- Bhizinesi Rakanganisa: Kana ndege iri kutendeuka, chinonzi antenna chigaro chinokanganisa, zvichiita kuti chiridzwa che ADF chive chikafu.
Kushandisa Kushandiswa kweAdf / NDB Navigation
Vashandi vengarava vakawana kuti ADF / NDB system inogona kuvimbika pakugadza nzvimbo, asi nokuda kwechimbo chakadaro, ADF inogona kuva yakaoma zvikuru kushandisa. Kutanga, mutyairija anosarudza uye anozivisa nguva yakakodzera yeNPB station pane ADF yake.
Chimbo che ADF chinowanzogadziriswa-kadhi rine chiratidzo nemuseve unotarisa munharaunda yebhakoni.
Kuchengetedza kunzvimbo yeNNB mune imwe ndege kunogona kuitwa ne "homing," iyo inongorondedzera ndege iri kutungamira museve.
Nemamiriro ezvinhu emhepo pakakwirira, iyo homing nzira haigoni kuunza mutsara wakarurama kune chiremba. Pane kudaro, inogadzira mamwe arc pattern, zvichiita "homing" nzira isingakoshi, kunyanya pane kure kure.
Panzvimbo ye homing, vanofambisa ndege vanodzidziswa kuti "vafunge" kune imwe nzvimbo vachishandura mhepo yokururamisa mhepo uye hama dzinobata kuverenga. Kana mutyairi ari kutungamira zvakananga kuchiteshi, museve uchatarisa kumusoro kwechiratidzo chekutakura, pa 0 degrees. Pano ndipo painonyengera: Apo chiratidzo chekutakura chinoratidza madhigirii 0, nyaya chaiyo yeyo ndege inowanzosiyana. Mumwe mutyairi anofanirwa kunzwisisa mutsauko pakati pehama (RB), magnetic bearing (MB) uye magnetic heading (MH) kuitira kushandisa zvakanaka ADF system.
Kuwedzera pakuverenga nguva dzose magnetic headings zvichienderana nehukama uye / kana magnetic bearing, kana tikataurira nguva munguva ye equation - mukuedza kuverenga nguva iri munzira, somuenzaniso - pane zvimwezve kuverenga kuti zviite.
Pano ndipo apo vatyairi vakawanda vanowira shure. Kuverenga magnetic headings chinhu chimwe chete, asi kuverenga itsva magnetic headings apo kuverenga mhepo, mhepo, uye nguva iri mumugwagwa inogona kuva basa guru, kunyanya kune mutyairi wekutanga.
Nemhaka yebasa rakabatanidzwa neAAD / NDB system, vazhinji vanofambisa ndege vakamira kuishandisa. Nehutano hutsva hwakafanana neGPS neAAS zvinowanika nyore nyore, chirongwa che ADF / NDB chiri kuva chekare. Vamwe vakatove vakarambidzwa ne FAA.