Chii chinonzi Employment Discrimination?
Hazvibvumirwe nemutemo kusarura zvichibva munhangemutange, chitendero, zvepabonde, kana kuti nyika yepakutanga paunenge uchishanda kana kubasa. Vashandi vehurumende nehurumende inofanira kutora matanho ekutsigira kuenzana mukana wekushanda kunze kwekufunga nezvezvinhu izvi. Executive Order 11246 inoshandiswa neHhovisi ye Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP).
Mukuwedzera, Chinyorwa VII che Civil Rights Act ra1964 chinoita kuti zvibvumirwe pamutemo kusarura mukubhadhara, kubudiswa, kukurudzirwa, kutumirwa, nezvimwe zviitiko zvebasa, maererano nemararamiro, rudzi, chitendero, zvepabonde, kana nyika. Izvi zvinosimbiswa neEqual Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
Kusarura kana Kurwiswa
Kushungurudzwa inzira yekusarura. Sezvakaitwa nekusarura, kune marudzi akasiyana ekushungurudzwa , kusanganisira kusafarirwa nemumwe mushandi, mushandi, muteresi, kana ani zvake kune imwe nzvimbo kubasa, iyo yakakonzerwa nehutano, ruvara, chitendero, zvepabonde (kusanganisira kubata), nyika, makore (40 kana kupfuura), kuremara, kana ruzivo rwemashoko.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzebasa Kusarudzwa
Kusarura kunzvimbo kunoitika kunowanzoitika kana munhu akasarurwa zvakashata nekuda kwenhamba ipi zvayo. Mukuwedzera kune zvikonzero zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa, vashandi uye vashandi vebasa vanogonawo kusarudzwa nekuda kwekuremara, ruzivo rwezvemazwi, kuberekwa, kana nekuda kweshamwari yavo kune mumwe munhu.
Ongorora urongwa hwemhando dzakasiyana dzekusarurwa kwebasa, mienzaniso yekusarurwa kwebasa, uye mazano ekugadzirisa nyaya dzekusarura munzvimbo dzebasa.
- Age
- Gender
- Race
- Ethnicity
- Ganda Muvara
- National Origin
- Mental or Physical Disability
- Genetic Information
- Ukama kune mumwe munhu angasarudzwa
- Kuberekwa kana Mubereki
Mienzaniso yebasa Kusarudzwa
Basa rekusarura rinogona kuitika mumhando ipi zvayo yemamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira:
- Kutaura kana kupa mazano kune avo vakada kufanirwa mune rimwe basa
- Kunze kwekusagona vashandise vashandi panguva yekutsvaga
- Kuramba zvimwe zvikwereti zvevashandi kana kubatsira
- Kubhadhara zvakaenzana-vashandi vanogadziriswa munzvimbo imwechete mahedheni
- Kusarura paunenge uchipa nguva yokuenda muremara , zororo rekuberekwa , kana kusarudzwa kwekusarura
- Kuramba kana kuvhiringidza kushandiswa kwezvivako zvekambani
- Kusarura paunenge uchibvumira kana kukura
Kusarura Mutemo uye Matambudziko
Age kusarura
Zera kusarura inzira inonyatsochengetedzwa nemutemo. Nezvishoma zvishoma zvisingadikanwi, makambani anoregererwa kubva kutsanangura nguva yekuda mumashambadziro emabasa. Vashandi vanofanirwa kuwana zvikwereti zvakafanana zvisinei nezera, iyo chete iyo iyo iyo iyo mari yekupa zvibereko zvevashandi vaduku zvakafanana nekupa zvishoma zvishoma kuvashandi vakwegura.
Uyewo, kusarura mumapurogiramu ekudzidzira kana kuti maitiro ekudzidzira zvisiri pamutemo.
Kusarura kwechitendero
Hazvibvumirwi nemutemo kune vashandi kuti vasarudze zvichibva pamitemo yechitendero cheumwe munhu. Mabhizimisi anotarisirwa kuti agone kugamuchira zvido zvechitendero chebashandi, chero bedzi kuita kudaro hakuve nemigumisiro yakaipisisa kumushandi.
Gender Discrimination
Kana uchibhadhara mubhadharo kuvarume nevakadzi vane zvidzidzo zvakafanana, basa, unyanzvi, uye nzvimbo, vashandi vanorambidzwa kusarura maererano nehutano. Uyewo, mabhizimisi anorambidzwa kubvisa mari yemudzimai mumwechete kuti aenzanise kubhadhara pakati pevarume nevakadzi.
Kubata-Kubva Kusarura
Uyezve, kubata pamuviri-kukonzerwa nekusarura hakubvumirwi nemutemo. Vashandi vanofanirwa kutora pamuviri nenzira imwechete yavanogona kubata nayo chirwere chenguva pfupi kana zvimwe zvisingagumi zvekuti zvinoda kubvunzurudzwa zvakananga.
Vatsvaki veJobho vane kodzero dzakafanana sevashandirwi , uye zvose zviri kudzivirirwa neKubata Rudzi Rwenzira (PDA) yakapfuura muna 1978.
Hostile Work Environment
Basa rinokuvadza rinoshandiswa apo kushungurudzwa kana kusarurwa kunopesana nebasa rebasa rehushandi kana kuumba nzvimbo yakaoma kana inonyangadza yemabasa kune mushandi kana boka revashandi.
Kusaruramisirwa kusina pamutemo nekushungurudzwa
Zvakakosha kuona kuti kusarura kunogona kuitika mune chimwe chinhu chebasa . Hazvibvumirwi nemutemo kune waanoshandira kuita zvikonzero zvichienderana nehutano, zvepabonde, kana yehutano hunokonzerwa nemakore, uyewo hazvibvumirwi nemutemo kune waanoshandira kufunga kuti mushandi anogona kunge asingakwanisi nokuti akaremara.
Uyezve, makambani anoregererwa kubvisa mikana yebasa kubva kune mushandi nekuda kweukama hwake nemunhu weimwe dzinza, chitendero, kana rudzi. Kusarura kusina mutemo kunosanganisira kushungurudzwa kunobva pamitemo yakachengetedzwa zviri pamutemo, kusanganisira (asi kwete kukwana) rudzi, hutano, makore, uye chitendero.
Basa Basa Kusarura Mapurisa
Pasi pemitemo yeUnited States, makambani anorambidzwa kuisa vashandi kusaruramisirwa kana kusarura kusinganzwisisiki zvichienderana nezvinochengetedzwa zviri pamutemo. Uyezve, hazvisi pamutemo kuti mushandi azvitsivirire kune munhu akaisa chichemo pamusoro pekusarura kana kuti akabatanidzwa mukutsvakurudza.
Kunyange zvazvo isiri iyo isina kunaka kurapwa inosarura kusaruramisirwa, chero mushandi uyo anotenda kuti iye akambosarurwa munzvimbo yebasa angaisa kukanganisa neEEOC (The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission). Heino nzira yekuisa basa kusarurwa kuda .
Kupararira kweEEOC Mhosva
IEEOC yakarondedzera kuparara kwakatevera pamusoro pemarudzi ekunyunyuta kwekusarura kwaive kushandiswa nehurumende muna 2017:
- Kudzorera: 41,097 (48,8 muzana yemhosva dzose dzakapiwa)
- Race: 28,528 (33,9 muzana)
- Kuremara: 26 838 (31.9 muzana)
- Zvepabonde: 25 605 (30.4 muzana)
- Zera: 18 376 (21.8 muzana)
- National Origin: 8,299 (9,8 muzana)
- Chitendero: 3 436 (4.1 muzana)
- Muvara: 3,240 (3.8 muzana)
- Kuenzanisa Nayo Kubhadhara Mutemo: 996 (1.2 muzana)
- Genetic Information: 206 (.2 muzana)
Kuverenga Kunyore: Kutarisira Kushungurudzwa Pabasa