Varwi 'uye Vafambisi vezvikepe' Civil Relief Act ye1918
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika, United States Congress yakagadza mhosho yakakwana pamabasa ehurumende akaendeswa kumauto eFrederal nevashambadzi vezvikepe, uye dzakasiyana-siyana dzekumaodzanyemba dzakagadza mitemo yakafanana.
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, Congress yakapfuurira maSardier 'uye Makepe' Civil Relief Act ya1918. Mutemo wa1918 hauna kusimbisa kugadziriswa kwezviito kune vashandi vebasa, asi wakarayira matare edzimhosva kuti atore chero chiito chekuenzanisira chaidiwa apo kodzero dzevashandi yakabatanidzwa mukukakavara.
Muna 1940, mutemo wakanyorwa zvakare, kuwedzera kudzivirirwa kwepamutemo kune nhengo dzebasa. Zvakaitika panguva yeHondo Yenyika II uye zvigaro zvehondo zvakatevera zvakagadzirisa zvimwe mutemo unokosha. Chokutanga chechigadziriswa chakava mutemo muna 1942. Mukugadzirisa Mutemo, Congress yakakurudzirwa, muchidimbu, nechishuvo chekudarika mitemo yematare iyo, pane dzimwe nguva, yakanga yatungamirira kushandura kushandura kweMutemo. Chiito chacho chakaenderera mberi kugamuchira kuchinja kwechinguva chiduku mumakore
Nhengo dzeMasangano Civil Relief Act
Muna 2003, Mauto eVasungwa neVafambisi veZviso reRubatsiro reRubatsiro rwakanyorwa zvakare uye zvakare akatumidzwa zita reMabasa Evanhu Civil Relief Act .
Bhiri iri rakasayirwa mutemo neMutungamiri Bush musi waDecember 19, 2003. Uyu ndiwo mutemo unofambisa kuchengetedzwa kwepamutemo kune nhengo dzeUnited States Military .
Reservists uye nhengo dzeNational Guard (apo vari mubasa rekushandira musangano) vanochengetedzwawo pasi peSSCRA. SSCRA (yezvose) inotanga pazuva rekutanga rekushanda, izvo zvinoreva kana munhu wacho achienda kune zvidzidzo zvekutanga (Chikoro Chekudzidzisa uye chikoro chebasa chinoonekwa sechishanda chaicho chevarindi veGadhi neVashandi, pamwe chete nevashandi vanoshanda).
Zvimwe kudzivirirwa pasi pechiito zvinowedzera kwenguva shomanana kudarika kushanda kusunungurwa kana kusunungurwa asi zvakabatanidzwa kusuva rekubudisa / kusunungurwa. Uyezve, zvimwe zvekudzivirira kweMutemo kunowedzera kune avo vanovimba navo.
Nhengo dzeNational Guard dzinorangarirwa nokuda kweHurumende dzinoshandiswa dzinodzivirirwawo neChipatimendi Chebato re Civil Relief Act mune zvimwe zviitiko. Nhengo dzeNational Guard dzine kodzero yekuchengetedzwa kweCRA apo inodanwa kuti iite basa rinoshanda pasi peChinyorwa 32, kana basa riripo nekuda kwekukurumidzira kwehurumende, chikumbiro chekuita basa chinoitwa noMutungamiri kana Munyori weZviviri, uye nhengo inoshandiswa kwenguva yakareba kupfuura mazuva makumi matatu. Muenzaniso weiwo ungadai uri nhengo dzeNational Guard dzakagamuchirwa nehurumende, pakukumbira kwaMutungamiri wehurumende, kupa chekuchengetedzwa kwezvikwata zvemapurisa mushure me 9-11.
Kugumisa kwekugara kwekugara
IRARA inobvumira vanhu kuti vasiye chikwereti pavanopinda mubasa rinoshandiswa kana bhizimusi racho risina kupinda musati ramba richiita basa rinoshanda. Uyezve, chiito chacho chinobvumira nhengo yebasa kubvisa chibvumirano chekugara chinopinda munguva yehondo kana nhengo yacho ichishandurwa zvachose kwemahofisi (PCS) mirairo, kana kuti inorayirwa kuendesa kwemazuva masingapfuuri kwemazuva 90.
Iyi kuchengetedzwa inosanganisira "kubhadhara kwemahombekombe akachengetwa, kana kuti inotarisirwa kubatanidzwa, nenhengo yebasa kana kuti nhengo dzevashandi vanochengetedza nzvimbo dzekugara, unyanzvi, bhizinesi, zvekurima, kana chinangwa chakafanana."
Kuti aputse chikwereti pasi pezvirongwa izvi, nhengo yebasa rinofanira kuita chikumbiro chakanyorwa uye inofanira kuisa kopi yemirairo yavo (mirairo inovaisa pabasa, PCS mirairo, kana mirairo yekuendesa). Nhengo yacho inogona kutumira chiziviso neruoko, nevatengesi vekutengeserana, kana nekutumira (kubhadhara mutero wakakumbirwa).
Kubviswa kwezuva rechikwereti chinoda kubhadharwa kwemazuva ose, yekutanga kuguma kwezuva mazuva makumi matatu mushure mekutanga kwekubhadharwa kwaitevera, zvichienderana nekuziva kwakakodzera kwekugurwa kwemari. Semuenzaniso, kana Sgt John achibhadhara renhare yake yekutanga pamwedzi wose, uye anozivisa muridzi weimba yake (uye anopa muridzi wemba yake kopi yemirairo yake), musi we18 June, kuti anoshuvira kugumisa chikwereti pasi pezvikamu zve iyo SCRA, yakatanga kuguma musi waAugust 1 (iyo inotevera inotora inofanira kuitwa muna July 1, uye mazuva makumi matatu gare gare August 1).
Kana iri imwe imwe urongwa, kunze kwebhadharo yemwedzi, kubviswa kwokutanga kwechibvumirano izuva rokupedzisira remwedzi, kutevera mwedzi umo chiziviso chacho chinopiwa. Saka, kana chiziviso chinopiwa musi waJune 20, zuva rekutanga rokuguma raizove raJuly 31.
Ndinowanzobvunzwa, "Zvakadini kana kune vamwe vanhu vari mubhajiro? Ndiani anofanira kuita rendi?" Kwete muridzi weimba, ndeyechokwadi. Uyewo, kwete nhengo yebasa. ICRA haina kunyarara munzvimbo ino. Munyika dzakawanda, mutoro ungangowira kune avo vasara vavakagara. Vangadai vaifanira kugovera chikamu chemuuto wejeri renhare kana kuwana mumwe muvakidzani. IRARA inopa nhengo yeuto kuti ave nekodzero yekugumisa chikamu chake chekubhadhara kare, asi mutemo haudi kuti mwene weimba agadzire mari yekuti zvikwereti zveimba yacho, uyewo mutemo unodzivirira vanhu vasati vasi veuto vagari vemo ( kunze kwekuti, hongu, ivo ndevaya vanobvumirwa nemutemo kunhengo).
Automobile Leases
Nhengo dzemasoja dzinogonawo kugumisa motokari dzimba mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Kungofanana nedzimba dzekugara, kana nhengo inopinda mumotokari yemotokari isati yaenda mubasa rinoshanda, nhengo inogona kukumbira kubviswa kwebhasiro paanoramba achiita basa. Zvisinei, kuti izvi zvishandise, basa rinofanira kunge rinofanira kunge rinenge mazuva 180 anoramba achienderera mberi. Saka, kana munhu akabatana neRe Reserves, uye aive nemirairo yekudzidzira nekudzidzira chikoro chechikoro, iyo yose yaive nemazuva 120 chete, iye / haaigona kugumisa kushandiswa kwemotokari pasi pechiito ichi.
Uyezve, nhengo dzemauto dzinoita kuchinja kwechigarire chesimba (PCS) kufamba, kana kuti iyo inoshandisa kwemazuva 180 kana kupfuura inogona kupedza kubhadhara kwakadaro.
Chiito chacho chinonyanya kuvhara "kukodha kwemotokari inoshandiswa kana kuti inoshandiswa kushandiswa, nhengo yebasa kana nhengo yevashandi vanoita zvekutengesa pachedu kana kwebhizimisi."
Kuti abvise chikwereti, nhengo yacho inofanira kuita chikumbiro chakanyorwa, pamwe chete nekopi yemirairo. Nhengo yacho inogona kutumira chiziviso neruoko, nevatengesi vekutengeserana, kana nekutumira (kubhadhara mutero wakakumbirwa). Uyezve, nhengo yacho inofanira kudzorera motokari kune vaduku mukati memazuva gumi nemashanu kubva pakuberekwa kwechiratidzo chekugumisa.
Muduku haabvumirwi kubhadhara mari yekurasikirwa kwekambani. Zvisinei, chero mitero, masheti, uye chikwereti uye mari yekunyora uye chero chimwe chikwereti uye chikwereti chomubhadhara maererano nemitemo yebhajiro, kusanganisira zvikwereti zvinokodzera kumushandi wekushambadzira, kunyanya kushandiswa uye kushandiswa kwemari, iyo inokodzera uye isina kubhadharwa nguva yekugadziriswa kwechikwereti ichabhadharwa nevanoshandira mari.
Kubviswa Kubva Mudzimba Wakabviswa
Nhengo yebasa inogona kutsvaga kudzivirirwa kubva pakudzingwa pasi peSSCRA. Imba yakabhadharwa / yakakodzwa inofanira kunge inobatwa nehutano hwebasa kana vatsigiri vake kuitira chinangwa cheimba, uye rendi haigone kudarika madhora 2,400 (muna 2004 - mari chaiye inogadziriswa gore negore, nehuwandu hwekuwedzera kwezvinhu). Nhengo yebasa kana munhu anovimba naye uyo akagamuchira chiziviso chekudzingwa anofanira kuisa chikumbiro kumatare kunodzivirira pasi peSSCRA. Kana dare rakaziva kuti nhengo dzebasa remabasa ehondo dzakakonzera kukwanisa kwake kubhadhara renhi yake panguva yakakodzera, mutongi anogona kurayira kugara, kudzokera shure, kwekudzingwa kunoenderera kwemwedzi mitatu kana kuita chero imwe "yakarurama" kurongeka.
Zvinyorwa Zvimbambiso
IRARA inopa zvimwe zvidziviriro pamusoro pekudzorera kwezvikwama zvimbiso (kusanganisira motokari dzimba). Kana chibvumirano chacho chichipinda musati waenda mubasa rekushanda uye chikwereti chimwe chete chakaitwa nguva iyoyo isati yasvika, mukwereti haakwanisi kudzorerazve pfuma yacho, asi iyo nhengo iri kushanda, uyewo haigoni kupedza chibvumirano chekuputsa , pasina mutemo wenyaya .
A 6% Inotora Mutengo
Kana nhengo yebasa rekuita basa remauto yakakonzera kukwanisa kwake kubhadhara pane zvekubhadhara mari zvakadai semakadhi emakwereti, zvikwereti, zvikwereti zvemari, nezvimwewo, nhengo yebasa inogona kuita kuti chido chake chakanaka chave chakakonzerwa ne 6% nokuda kwehuwandu hwemhizha military obligation.
Kukodzera zvikwereti zvikwereti zvaive zvakabatanidzwa nhengo yebasa, kana nhengo yebasa nemumwe wavo, pamwe chete, vasati vauya vachishanda. Dhaka dzinopinda mushure mekunge dzichienda basa rinenge risina kudzivirirwa.
Cherechedza kuti urongwa hupi hwechiito chacho hunoshanda chete kana basa reuto rebasa rinobatsira kukwanisa kwavo kubhadhara. Zvisinei, mutoro uri kumunhu ane chikwereti kuti atsvake rubatsiro mudare kana uyo ane chikwereti achifunga kuti nhengo yebasa rekuita basa rechiuto haibatsiri kukwanisa kwake kubhadhara. Munhu ane chikwereti anofanira kubvumirana kunze kwekuti iye / awana dare remutemo achitaura zvimwe.
Kuti rive nechisungo kana chikwereti chemutevedzeri webasa kuti azviise pasi pechikwereti chechikwereti, chikwata chebasa chinofanira kupa kumunhu ane chikwereti chiziviso chinyorwa uye kopi yemitemo yehondo inoshevedza nhengo yebasa kuenda kubasa rehondo uye chero mirairo inowedzera kuwedzera mauto basa, kwete mushure memazuva makumi masere mushure mekunge zuva rebasa rapedza kana kusunungurwa kubva mubasa rechiuto.
Paakagamuchira chiziviso, mukwereti anofanira kuderedza chikwereti chechikwereti kusvika kumazana matanhatu kubva muzana, kushanda zuva rokutanga rekushanda (kunyange kana servicemember ichiita chikumbiro pane imwe nguva).
Mutemo unotaura pachena kuti hapana rubatsiro rwepamusoro pemapato matanhatu hunogona kukwira kune zvikwereti zvekwereti kana uri mubasa rinoshanda (nokuda kwezvikwereti zvinotangira usati waenda kubasa rinoshandiswa), kana kuti iyo inowedzera chikwereti inokonzerwa kamwechete iyo iyo nhengo yebasa ichisiya basa rinenge riri " "vamwe vanokwereta vakaedzwa pasi pemutemo wakare) - pane kuti chikamu chinopfuura 6 muzana chinokanganwirwa zvachose. Uyezve, mari yekubhadhara pamwedzi inofanira kuderedzwa nehuwandu hwekufarira yakachengetedzwa munguva yakavharwa.
Court Proceedings
Kana nhengo yebasa ari mumiririri munyaya yehurumende ichienderera mberi, dare rinogona (nyora shoko rokuti "ringa"), pachezvazvo, kupa gwaro remazuva 90 (kunonoka) mukutongwa. Kana nhengo yebasa ichikumbira kuti ugare, dare rinofanira kupa mazuva mashoma emazuva 90, kana:
- Iyo servicemember inotumira tsamba kana humwe hutano huripo huri kutaura hunoreva nzira iyo ikozvino basa rehondo rinodiwa zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kwe servicemember kuonekwa uye kurondedzera zuva apo servicemember ichawanikwa kuonekwa; and
- Iyo servicemember inotumira tsamba kana humwe hutano kubva kumushandi wehurumende ye servicemember inotaura kuti servicemember yazvino basa rehondo inodzivisa kuonekwa uye kuti kuenda kwechiuto hakubvumirwi ne servicemember panguva ye tsamba.
Urongwa hunoshanda kumatare ehurumende, zvipfeko zvekuchengetedza vana, kuchengetwa kwemwana zvigaro, uye kubhadhara chikwereti / kukwereta kwemisangano, uye kuenderera mberi kwekutonga.
Chiito chitsva chinotaura zvakananga kuti servicemember kukurukurirana nedare rinokumbira kugara hakuratidzi kutaridzika kwekutonga uye haisi kuregererwa kwezvimwe zvinotsigira kana kudzivirira zvinoshandiswa (zvinosanganisira kudzivirira maererano nekushaikwa kwehutongi hwemunhu oga). Pasi pechiito chekare, mamwe matare akatonga kuti kungotaura chete nedare (kureva, kukumbira kugara, kwakaratidza kuti nhengo yakabvumirwa kutonga kwerare).
Nhengo yebasa iyo inobvumirwa kugara inogona kukumbira kuwedzera kumwe kana iye achigona kuratidza kuti zvido zvehondo zvinobatsira kukwanisa kwake kuonekwa (tsamba yemutungamiriri inodawo). Zvisinei, dare harisungirwi kupa mamwe maitiro.
Kana dare richiramba kupa imwezve nguva yekuenderera mberi, dare rinofanira kuisa mazano kuti amiririre nhengo yebasa iri muchiito kana kupfuurira.
Kana kutonga kusingapindi kunopinda muchiito chinopikisana nhengo yebasa panguva yevashandi panguva yebasa rechiuto (kana mukati memazuva 60 mushure mekuregererwa kana kusunungurwa kubva mubasa remauto akadaro), dare rinopinda mukutongwa rinofanira, kana richinge rakatorwa kana nekuda kwemutevedzeri wemubatsiri, shandisazve mutongo nokuda kwekubvumira nhengo yebasa kuti idzivirire chiito kana zvichiita kuti--
- iyo nhengo yebasa yakanga yakagadzikana mupfungwa nekuda kwebasa iro rechiuto mukuita kudzivirirwa kune chiito; and
- iyo nhengo yebasa inobatsira kana kuti kudzivirirwa kwemutemo kune chiito kana zvimwe chikamu chayo.
Kutevedzerwa Kwemitoro, Mhosva, Mitero
Nhengo yebasa kana munhu anovimba naye, chero nguva panguva yebasa rake rehondo , kana mumwedzi mitanhatu pashure pacho, anoshanda kumatare kuti apiwe rubatsiro rwebasa chero ripi zvaro kana dare rinosangana nemunhu webasa kana kuti anovimba naye asati ashanda basa kana maererano chero mutero kana kuongorora kana kuwira panguva kana kuti isati yasvika nhengo yebasa inoshanda basa rechiuto. Dare rinogona kupa maitiro ekusimbiswa panguva iyo pasina chakanaka kana chirango chinogona kuwedzera.
Uyezve, chiito chacho chinodzivisa nhengo dzebasa kubva kune imwe nzira yekukwereta kaviri inogona kuitika kana ine mudzimai wako anoshanda uye akatererwa mune imwe nyika kunze kwehurumende yavanochengetedza kuti vagare pamutemo. Mutemo unodzivisa hutano kuburikidza uchishandisa mari inopiwa nemumwe wevashandi mukugadzirisa mutero wemumwe wako kana asingakwanisi kugara mumiriri wepamutemo munyika iyoyo.
Kodzero dzeHurumende
Kusiyana nezvinotendwa nevanhu vazhinji, hapana zvipo zveHurumende dzeHurumende sechikamu cheMasoja neVafambisi veZvondo Relief Act. Kodzero dzekuwana mabasa mitemo yakasiyana zvakakwana, Mutemo weUniformed Services Employment and Recemployment Rights Act muna 1994 (USERRA) .