Mashomanana Employment / Recemployment Rights

by United States Department of Labor

Uniformed Services Employment & Reemployment Rights Act

Sangano reUniformed Services Recruit and Recruitment Act (USERRA) rakasayirwa musi waOctober 13, 1994. Zvigadzirwa zvebasa iri muUnited States Code, Chinyorwa 38, Zvikamu 4301 kusvika 4333.

Mutemo unoshanda kune vanhu vanoita basa, vachizvidira kana kuti vasingabatsiri, mu "sunifomu," iyo inosanganisira Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard, uye Public Health Service inotumirwa, pamwe chete nevakachengetwa zvikamu zve chimwe chezvibasa izvi.

Sangano rekudzidziswa kana kushanda muHondo National Guard uye Air National Guard inopawo kuwedzera kodzero pasi peUSERRA.

Basa rakasununguka rinosanganisira basa rakashanda , basa rinoshandiswa pakudzidzisa, kusina basa rekudzidzira basa (zvakadai semadhora), kutanga kushanda basa rekudzidzisa, uye kurumbidzwa kwebasa rinoshandiswa neNational Guard uye kuchengetedza nhengo, uye nguva iyo munhu aripo nzvimbo yebasa kuitira chinangwa chekuongororwa kuti asarudze kugona kuita chero basa rakadaro.

Ndiani Anokodzera Kubasa?

Kodzero dzebasa dzinowedzera kune vanhu vasina kumbobvira pahutano hwebasa nekuda kwe "kushanda muyuniformed services". "Kushumira muhupfeko yehupfeko" kunoreva kushanda kwebasa pamusana pekuzvidira kana kusingabatsiri mubasa rekufananidza, kusanganisira:

Active work
Basa rinoshanda pakudzidzisa
Pakutanga basa rakashanda rokudzidzisa
Inactive work training
Nguva yakazara- National National Guard basa .

Kubva pamabasa ekuongororwa kuti uone kufanana kwomunhu kune imwe yenzvimbo dzakataurwa pamusoro apa.
Kukudza kwekuita mari kunoshandiswa neNational Guard kana kuchengetedza nhengo

I "suniformmed services" inosanganisira zvinotevera:

Hondo, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, kana Coast Guard.
Hondo yeHondo, Nzvimbo yeNyanzvi yeGungwa, Marine Corps Reserve, Air Force Reserve, kana Coast Guard Reserve.

Masoja National National Guard kana Air National Guard.
Kutumirwa Corps wePublic Health Service .
Chero humwe hutatu hwevanhu vakasarudzwa naMutungamiri munguva yehondo kana dambudziko.

Advance Notice

Mutemo unoda vashandi vose kupa vashandi vavo nekufanoona kwebasa rechiuto.

Zvingangodaro zvingangodaro zvakanyorwa kana muromo. Inogona kugoverwa nevashandi kana neyakakodzera mukuru webazi rehondo umo mushandi ari kuzoshandira. Zvisinei, hapana chiziviso chinodiwa kana:

zvekare zvehondo zvinodzivisa kupa kwekucherechedza; kana
kupa kwechiziviso hazvibviri kana kusinganzwisisiki.

Nguva Yesebasa

Iko kushanda kwenguva yakareba iyo inokonzera kusasikirwa kwemunhu kubva panzvimbo inogona kunge isingapfuuri makore mashanu. Mhando zhinji dzebasa dzichawedzerwa huwandu muhuwandu hwemakore mashanu.

Kusiyanisa. Zvikamu zvisere zvebasa hazvisunungurwi kubva kumakore mashanu emiganhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

Basa rinodiwa kunze kwemakore mashanu kupedza nguva yekutanga yebasa rinofanira kuitwa. Zvimwe zvemauto ehondo, zvakadai sedare reNavy nuclear power, zvinoda kutanga kushanda kushanda kune mamwe makore mashanu.
Basa rinobva kune munhu, kuburikidza pasina mhosva yemunhu, haakwanisi kuwana rusununguko mukati memakore gumi emakore. Semuenzaniso, muganhu wemakore mashanu haugone kushandiswa kune nhengo dzeNavy kana Marine Corps avo vanosungirwa basa rinofanira kupera pavanenge vari pagungwa. Uye hazvizoshandiswi kana nhengo dzebasa dzichichengetwa zvisina basa pabasa rinoshanda kunze kwekupera kwezuva ravanofanira kushanda ( STOPLOSS ).

Dzidzo inodikanwa yevanosunungura uye National Guard nhengo. Mavhiki maviri evhiki yekudzidzira masangano uye mwedzi wegore wekugadzirisa zvigaro zvakagadzwa nemitemo yevatsigiri vehurumende uye National Guard nhengo dzinosunungurwa kubva kumakore mashanu emiganhu. Uyewo kusarudzwa ndezvekuwedzera kwekudiwa kunodiwa kunopupurirwa mukunyorwa neMunyori webasa rinodiwa kuti zvive zvakakosha kumunhu mumwe nomumwe wehupfumi.
Kushanda pasi pekutonga kusingabvumirwi, kana kuti kuchengetedzwa pairi, kubasa kushanda munguva yekukurumidzira mamiriro ekudzivirira kana mamiriro ekuchengetedzwa kwenyika .
Kushumira pasi pekugadzirira, kana kuti kuramba uripo, basa rinoshanda (kunze kwekudzidzira) nekuda kwehondo kana yehurumende inoparidzirwa nea
Mutungamiri kana Congress. Ichi chikamu chinosanganisira kushanda kwete nevanhu chete vasingatauri basa risina basa asiwo kushanda nevanozvipira vanogamuchira mirairo kune basa rinoshanda.

Basa rekushanda (kunze kwekudzidzira) nevanozvipira vanotsigira "mahofisi emabasa" ayo Akasarudzwa Vakasununguka vave vakarayirwa kuti vaite basa risina kubvumirwa. Basa rakadaro rekushanda rinosanganisira zvimwe zvinhu kunze kwehondo kana yenyika inotyisa iyo iyo, pasi pemvumo yepurezidhendi, nhengo dzeSeceded Reserve dzingave dzakatumwa zvisina basa kuti dziite basa riri pasi peChinyorwa 10, USC Chikamu 12304. Ichangobva kuitika kuUnited States kubatanidzwa mukutsigira kudzorerwa kwema demokarasi muHaiti ("Kufuridzira Democracy") yakanga iri basa rakadaro sekushanda muBosnia ("Joint Endeavor"). Ichi chikamu chechitanhatu chekuregererwa kwemakore mashanu chinosanganisira vanhu vakadanirwa kuita basa rakashanda mushure mekuzvipira kutsigira mabasa ekushanda. Vanhu vakakurudzirwa kuti vaite basa rinoshingaira pamabasa ekushanda vaizofukidzirwa nekodzero yechina, pamusoro.
Basa nevanozvipira vanorayirwa kuita basa rinoshanda mukutsigira "chinangwa chakakosha kana zvinoda" pane dzimwe nguva kunze kwehondo kana yehurumende yepamhanho uye apo pasina kushevedza kusingabatsiri kuri kushanda. Vanyori vematavi ehondo ega ega ega ega vane simba rekuisa basa rechiuto senheyo inokosha kana zvido.
Sangano rehurumende nhengo dzeNational Guard rakadanwa kuti riite chisarudzo neMutungamiri wehurumende kuti adzivise kupandukira, kuratidzira kupindira, kana kuti kuita mitemo yeUnited States.

Kukanganiswa Basa

Ndeipi iyo basa raizove risina kukodzera? Mutemo unotaura mamiriro mana:

Kuparadzanisa nebasa nemuitiro unonyadzisa kana wakaipa unobuda.
Kuparadzana kubva mubasa pasi pezvimwe zvinhu zvinokudzwa.
Kukanganiswa kweanotungamirirwa mukuru mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira dare rehondo kana nekutonga kwaMutungamiri munguva yehondo (Chikamu 1161 (a) cheGwaro 10).
Kuderedza munhu kubva pamapumburu apo munhu wacho asina kumbova nechiremera kwemwedzi inopfuura mitatu kana kuti anosungwa nedare rehurumende. (Chikamu 1161 (b) cheGwaro 10)

Kuudza Kudzokera Kumabasa

Basa remazuva 1 kusvika ku30 . Munhu wacho anofanira kumhan'arira kune waanoshandira pakutanga kwezuva rekutanga rekushanda rakarongeka raizopera maawa masere mushure memugumo wezuva rekarenda. Somuenzaniso, mushandirwi haagoni kudikanwa nhengo yebasa iyo inodzokera kumusha pa10: 00 masikati kunoparidza kubasa pa12: 30 mangwanani usiku ihwohwo. Asi uyo anoshandira angada kuti mushandi wacho ataure nguva ye6: 00 mangwanani achichinja mangwanani anotevera.

Kana pasina mhosva yevashandi, kupindura panguva yakakodzera kubasa kwaisazogoneka kana kusinganzwisisiki, mushandi anofanira kuudza zvakare kubasa nekukurumidza.

Fitness Exam . Nguva yekudzorera kubasa kumunhu asiri kubasa kuti atore kuongorora muviri-kwe-kushanda kwakafanana neyo pamusoro apa kune vanhu vasipo kwemazuva 1 kusvika makumi matatu. Iyi nguva ichashanda pasinei nehurefu hwekusasipo kwomunhu.

Basa remazuva makumi maviri nemakumi matatu nemasere . Chikumbiro chekugadzirisa basa chinofanira kutumirwa mushure memazuva gumi nemashure mushure mekupedzwa kwebasa remunhu. Kana kuendesa kwekushanda kwenguva yakakwana kusingakwanisi kana kusina musoro kana pasina mhosva yeiye munhu, chikumbiro chinofanira kuendeswa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kana zuva rechigumi nemana rinowira pazuva iro mahofisi asina kuzaruka, kana pasina kudaro hakuna munhu anogamuchira kubvuma, nguva inosvika kune rimwe zuva rebhizimusi rinotevera.

Basa rema181 kana kupfuura mazuva . Chikumbiro chekugadzirisa basa chinofanira kutumirwa mushure memazuva makumi mapfumbamwe mushure mekupedzwa kwebasa remunhu. Kana zuva re90 rinowira pazuva iro mahofisi asina kuzaruka, kana pasina kudaro hapana munhu anogamuchira kubvuma, nguva inopfuurira kune rimwe zuva rebhizimisi rinotevera.

Kuremara kwakaitwa kana kukura . Kuzadza kana kushandiswa kwemazuva ekupedzisira kunowedzera kusvika kumakore maviri kune vanhu vanopfigirwa muchipatara kana kuvhiringidzika nekuda kwekuremara kwakaitwa kana kuwedzerwa munguva yebasa rehondo.

Iyo makore maviri egore ichawedzerwa nehuwandu hwenguva inodiwa yekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu kunze kwekutonga kweumwe munhu angaita kuti kubvunzwa mukati memakore maviri isingakwanisi kana kusina musoro.

Unxcused delay . Ko kodzero dzevanhu dzekushanda dzakangoerekana dzarasikirwa here kana munhu wacho asingakwanisi kutaurira kubasa kana kushanda kuti awane basa mukati memazuva anodiwa? Aiwa. Asi munhu wacho achabva achizviisa pasi pemitemo yevashandi inotungamirira kusina kubhadhara.

Nzira Yekuisa Vanhu Vanokodzera Mune Jobho

Kunze kwekuremekedza vanhu vane urema hwakakonzerwa kana kuwedzerwa nebasa rechiuto, nzvimbo iyo munhu anodzorerwa nayo inobva paurefu hwebasa remunhu.

Mazuva 1 kusvika ku90 . Munhu ane basa remauto anogara mazuva 1 kusvika ku90 anofanira kunge "achangoshandiswa zvakare" mune izvi zvinotevera:

(1) (A) mubasa uyo munhu angadai akabata kana munhu wacho akaramba achigadziriswa, chero bedzi munhu akakodzera kubasa kana kuti anogona kukwanisa kuita zvinoenderana neanoedza nemushandi kuti awane munhu wacho; kana, (B) panzvimbo yebasa iro munhu wacho aishanda musi wekutanga kwebasa muhupfekheni, kana chete munhu asina kukwanisa kuita basa rechinzvimbo chinotaurwa mundima (A) ) mushure mekuedza kwakanaka kweanoshandira kuti awane munhu wacho.

(2) kana mushandi wacho asingakwanisi kukodzera pane imwe nzvimbo yakatsanangurwa pamusoro (kunze kwekuremara kwakawanikwa kana kuwedzerwa nebasa rechiuto) kunyange mushure mekushandisa kushandiswa kwevashandi, munhu wacho anofanira kushandiswa pane chinzvimbo chiri pedyo izvo zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro (nenzira iyoyo) iyo munhu anogona kukwanisa kuita, nehuwandu hwehutungamiri.

Nekuremekedza nzvimbo mbiri dzekutanga, vashandi havakwanisi kupa mamwe mabasa ehutano hwekufananidzwa, chimiro, uye kubhadhara.

91 kana kupfuura mazuva . Mutemo unoda vashandisi kuti vashandise zvakare vanhu vanodzoka kubva mubasa rechiuto re 91 kana kupfuura mazuva ekutanga kwekutanga:

(1) (A). Mubasa uyo munhu angadai akabata kana munhu wacho akaramba achiramba achishanda, kana nzvimbo yakadai sehutano hwepamusoro uye kubhadhara, chero bedzi munhu akakodzera kubasa kana kuti anogona kuve akakodzera mushure mekuedza kwakanaka kweanoshandira kuti awane munhu; kana, (B) panzvimbo yebasa iro munhu wacho aishanda musi wekutanga kwebasa mumashandiro eunifomu, kana nzvimbo yehutungamiri, chiremera, uye kubhadhara mabasa ayo munhu akakodzera kuita, kana munhu wacho asina kukwanisa kuita basa rechinzvimbo chinotaurwa mundima (A) mushure mekuedza kwakanaka kweanoshandira kuti awane munhu wacho.

(2) Kana mushandi wacho asingakwanisi kuve akakodzera kunzvimbo (A) kana (B) kumusoro: pane imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro uye akabhadhara, asi iyo yakawanda inosvika pedyo nenzvimbo dziri pamusoro (panguva iyoyo) iyo mushandi anokwanisa kuita nehuwandu hwehutungamiri.

"Escalator" nzvimbo . Nzvimbo yekushandiswa kwepamusoro uye inonyanya kukosha muzvirongwa zvekugadzirisa mabasa inoratidza "escalator" nheyo iyo yave iri pfungwa inokosha mumutemo wezvematongerwo enyika ekugadzirisa basa. Izvo zvinotarisirwa zvinoda kuti nhengo yega yega inodzoka inodzokera kumashure ekukurumidza escalator pane iyo munhu angave akagara kana munhu wacho akaramba achiramba achishanda.

Chigaro chacho hachifaniri kunge chiri basa rakafanana nemunhu aimbova. Somuenzaniso, kana munhu wacho angadai akakurudzirwa nechivimbo chaicho kana munhu wacho asiripo, munhu wacho anenge ane kodzero yekusimudzirwa ikoko paanodzorerwa zvakare. Kune rumwe rutivi, chinzvimbo chacho chinogona kunge chiri pasi pepamusoro pane chakambove chakaitwa, chinogona kunge chiri basa rakasiyana, kana kuti rinogona kunge rinogona kunge rakagadziriswa.

Qualification efforts . Vashandi vanofanira kuita zvakajeka kuedza kukwanisa nhengo dzebasa dzinodzoka dzisingakodzeri kuti vashandise nzvimbo dzepamabasa dzingangove dzisina kodzero yekuita nekuda kwezvikonzero zvimwe kunze kwekuremara kwakaitwa kana kukurirwa nemauto ehondo.

Vashandi vanofanira kupa ruzivo rwekuvandudza, uye chero ruzivo rwakakosha kuvandudza unyanzvi hwemushandi achidzoka mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mushandi haasisina kukodzera nokuda kwekufambira mberi kwekambani. Kurovedza hakuzodikanwi kana iri dambudziko risina kukodzera kumushandi, sezvakakurukurwa pasi apa.

Kana kuedza kwakanaka kukakundikana kukodzera munhu kuti ave yekutanga uye yechipiri nzvimbo dzekushanda munzvimbo dzakataurwa pamusoro apa, munhu wacho anofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yechiyero chakakosheswa kana yepedyo uye achibhadhara kuti munhu akakodzera kuita (chechitatu chekushanda kwepamusoro pane iri pamusoro apa zvirongwa).

"Kukurumidza" kubasa . Mutemo unotsanangura kuti nhengo dzebasa dzinodzoka "dzinoshandiswa zvakare." Chii chinokurudzira chichabva pamamiriro ezvinhu ega ega. Kudzorerazve mushure memavhiki kwevhiki National Guard duty inowanzova iyo inotevera inogadziriswa zuva rekushanda. Kune rumwe rutivi, kudzorerazve kutevera makore mashanu mubasa rinoshingaira kunogona kuda kupa chiziviso kumushandi akazvimiririra uyo ave akatora nzvimbo yevashandi uye angave achida kubvisa nzvimbo iyo.

Kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu. Kubasa kwomunhu kunoregererwa kana mamiriro ekushandira akashandura zvakanyanya zvokuti kushanda kwemunhu uyu hakukwanisi kana kusinganzwisisiki. Kupera-mu-simba kwaizove kusanganisira munhu angave muenzaniso.

Hazvina matambudziko. Vashandi vanobvumirwa kuita zvigaro zvekukodzera nhengo dzekudzoka kana kudzoka kune vanhu vane hutachiona hwehutano-sangano kana izvi zvingava zvekuoma kwakadaro kana kuti zvinodhaka sekuita kuti "dambudziko risina kunaka."

Seniority Rights

Nhengo dzebasa rekushanda dzakasununguka kune kodzero yepamusoro uye kodzero dzose uye zvikwereti zvichienderana nehukuru hwevanhu vangave vakawana nekugutsikana kwechokwadi kana vakaramba vachishanda.

Iko kodzero kana kuti kubatsirwa ndeyekutevedza-yakagadzirirwa kana yakatarwa kana kuwedzera nehurefu hwebasa. Kune rumwe rutivi, kodzero kana kuti kubatsiri haisi kukwegura-yakatarwa kana iri mubhadharo webasa rakaitwa kana unotarisana nechiitiko chakakosha.

Kodzero Haisi Maererano Nevakuru

Kutora nhengo dzebasa rinofanira kutarisirwa sekunge vari pazororo rekusasipo . Nokudaro, apo ivo vari kure ivo vanofanira kuva nekodzero yekutora chikamu mune chero kodzero chero ipi zvayo uye zvikwereti zvisingateererwi nehuwandu hunowanikwa kune vashandi pamashizha asingasviki ekusavapo, angave aripo kana asingabhadharwi. Kana pane kuchinja pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemashizha asingasviki ekusavapo, nhengo yebasa ine kodzero yekurapa kwakanaka zvikuru chero bedzi kusaenda kwechisiya kusingaenzaniswi. Somuenzaniso, mazuva matatu anowanika kuvashandi pamashizha asingasviki ekusavapo, angave aripo kana asingabhadharwi. Kana pane kuchinja pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemashizha asingasviki ekusavapo, nhengo yebasa ine kodzero yekurapa kwakanaka zvikuru chero bedzi kusaenda kwechisiya kusingaenzaniswi. Somuenzaniso, zuva rekufa kwemazuva matatu harina kufanana nemakore maviri emakore ekushanda.

Vashandi vanenge vachidzoka havazovi nekodzero dzekusava nekodzero dzepamusoro uye zvigaro zviripo panguva yavakasiya kuenda kuhondo asiwo avo vakazobudirira panguva yebasa ravo.

Zororo Rokubhadhara & Utano Makomborero

Nhengo dzebasa dzinofanira, pavakakumbira, dzibvumirwe kushandisa chero zororo raive rakawanda vasati vatanga basa ravo remauto panzvimbo yezororo risina kubhadharwa. Zvisinei, inoramba iine mutemo kuti nhengo dzebasa hadzikwanisi kumanikidzwa kushandisa nguva yezororo yebasa rechiuto.

Mutemo unopa rubatsiro rwehutano hunoenderera mberi kune vanhu vasingasviki pabasa kuti vashumire muuto, kunyange kana vashandi vavo vasina kuvharwa neCOBRA. (Vashandi vane vashandi vashoma makumi maviri vanobvumirwa kubhadhara COBRA.)

Kana chirongwa chehutano hwehupenyu chikapera nekuda kwekusasipo nekuda kwebasa rechiuto, munhu wacho angasarudza kupfuurira chirongwa chehutano kwemwedzi gumi nemasere mushure mokunge kusina kutanga kana panguva yebasa (pamwe chete nenguva yakabvumidzwa kushanda kubhadhara), chero nguva ipi mipfupi. Munhu wacho haakwanisi kudiwa kubhadhara zvinopfuura 102 muzana yepamendi yakakwana yehuwandu. Kana basa rechiuto raiva remazuva makumi matatu kana mashoma, munhu wacho haakwanisi kubhadharwa kubhadhara kudarika chikamu chevashandi chaiyo chepamberi chero ipi zvayo.

Exclusions / waiting times . Nguva yekumirira kana kubviswa hakugoni kuiswa pakudzorerwa kana kugoverwa kwehutano kwaizove kwakapiwa munhu kana munhu wacho asiripo pamusasa webasa. Zvisinei, chimwe chikamu chinoshandisa kuremara kwakagadzwa neChinyorwa cheVeterans 'Affairs (VA) kuti ishande-yakabatana.

Multi-employee . Mhosva yevashandirwi zvipo uye zvipo pasi pezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvevashandi inofanira kugoverwa nepurogiramu inotsigira nenzira yakadai sokugadzirisa chirongwa chinopa. Kana uyo anoritsigira asingaiti urongwa hwekugoverwa, mutoro inofanira kugoverwa kumushandi wekupedzisira achishandisa munhu wacho mushure memunhu weuto rehondo kana, kana iyo mushandirwi isiri kushanda, purogiramu.

Kudzivirirwa Kubva Kubuda

Pasi peUSERRA, mushandi akashanda angave asingasunungurwi pasina chikonzero sezvinotevera:

Kwegore rimwe mushure mezuva rekudzoka kwebasa kana nguva yemunhu yeuto rehondo yaive kwemwedzi inopfuura mitanhatu (mazuva 181 kana kupfuura).
Kwemwedzi mitanhatu mushure mezuva rokuwana basa kana nguva yomunhu yeuto rehondo yakange iri mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu.

Vanhu vanoshumira kwemazuva makumi matatu kana mashoma havakwanisi kudzivirirwa kubva pakusununguka pasina chikonzero. Zvisinei, ivo vanochengetedzwa kubva pakusarurwa nekuda kwebasa rechiuto kana kusungirwa.

Employment Discrimination

Basa rekusarurwa nekuda kwekare, ikozvino, kana kuti ramangwana rezvematongerwe enyika rinorambidzwa. Kurambidzwa kwakadzika, kunowedzera munzvimbo dzakawanda dzebasa, kusanganisira:

hiring ;
promotion ;
kushanda;
kuguma ; and
zvinobatsira

Vanhu vakachengetedzwa . Mutemo unochengetedza kubva pakusarura kwemajeri akapfuura, nhengo dziripo, uye vanhu vanoita kuti vave nhengo yematavi ehupfekheni yese.

Pakupedzisira, chete Reservists uye National Guard nhengo dzakachengetedzwa kubva pakusarurwa. Pasi peUSERRA, vanhu vane makore akapfuura, vemazuva ano, kana kuti mune ramangwana mumatavi ese ehondo vanochengetedzwa zvakare.

Murairo / mutoro weuchapupu . Kana munhu akapfuura, aripo, kana kuti ramangwana rekushandira pamwe nebasa iri rinokurudzira mubhadharo wekushanda kwevashandi kumunhu iyeye, mushandirwo akaita mhosva, kunze kwekuti mushandi aigona kuratidza kuti zvaizotora chiito chimwechete pasinei kushamwaridzana kwomumwe nomumwe nebasa racho. Mutoro wehupupuriro ndewemushandi kana imwe nguva inotanga kuitika.

Mutemo wakagadziriswa unotsanangura kuti mutoro unobvira kana kushandira kwebasa chiri chimwe chezvikonzero zvevashandi zvechiito. Kuti urege kudzivirira, mushandirwi anofanira kuratidza kuti chimwe chikonzero kunze kwekubatanidza kushanda kwaizove kwakakwana kururamisa chiito chacho.

Zvose zviyero uye mutoro wehuchapupu zvino huri mumutemo zvinoshandiswa kumatambudziko ose, zvisinei nokuti zuva rinokonzerwa nechiito chei, kusanganisira kusarura mhaka dzinotangira pasi pezvakatemerwa ("VRR") mutemo.

Kudzokorora

Vashandi vanorambidzwa kubhadhara kune ani zvake:

uyo anokanda kunyunyuta pasi pemutemo;
uyo anopupura, anobatsira kana kuti zvimwe anopindira mukutsvakurudza kana kupfuurira pasi pemutemo; kana
uyo anoshandisa chero kodzero dzakapiwa pasi pemutemo.
pasinei nokuti munhu wacho akaita basa rechiuto.

Kuti Mutemo Unomanikidzwa

Mitemo . Munyori weBashandi anopiwa simba rekubudisa mitemo inoshandisa mutemo. Pakupedzisira, Munyori haana simba rakadaro. Zvisinei, mamwe mabhuku akabudiswa neUnited States of Labor akanga apiwa "chiyero chekuyera" nedare.

Veterans 'Employment and Training Service (VETS). Rubatsiro rwekuwana rubatsiro rucharamba ruchipiwa neVeterans 'Employment and Training Service (VETS), yeDhipatimendi reBasa. VETS inobvunzurudza zvikwangwani uye kuedza kuzvigadzirisa. Kuiswa kwekunyunyuta kweVETS kunogona kusarudzwa. Mumwe anokwanisa kutumira kunyunyuta nehofisi yeVETS yepakati pavo.

Kuwana zvinyorwa . Mutemo unopa VETS kodzero yekuwana kuongororwa uye kudzokorora vashandi nevashandi zvinyorwa zvavanoona zvichienderana nekuongorora. VETS iinewo kodzero yekubvumirana kwakakodzera kwekubvunzurudza vanhu vane ruzivo rwakakosha pakuongorora.

Subpoenas . Mutemo unobvumira VETS kuti ipepure hutungamiri uye uchapupu hwezvapupu uye kugadzirwa kwemashoko ane chokuita nenyaya ipi inopedzwa.

Hurumende-inobatsira zviito zvematare . Vanhu vane zvichemo zvavo havakwanisi kugadziriswa neVETS vanogona kukumbira kuti zvichemo zvavo zviendeswe kuAttorney General kuti zviitike mutemo. Kana Gweta Gweta akagutsikana kuti kunyunyuta kunobatsira, Mutongi Mukuru Gweta anogona kuisa dare remhosva kumunhu anenge ari mumiririri.

Private court actions . Vanhu vanoramba vachida kuva nechisarudzo chekutumira zviito zvematare muchivande. Vanogona kudaro kana vakasarudza kusaisa kunyunyuta neVETS, vakasarudza kusabvunza kuti VETS vadzokere kunyunyuta kwavo kune Attorney General, kana kuti vakaramba kuratidzwa kwaAttorney General.

Kaviri kukuvara . Mubayiro wekubhadhara shure kana kuti kurasikirwa kunogona kuwedzera kaviri mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kukanganisa kwemutemo kunowanikwa kuva "kuda." "Kuda" hakusi kunotsanangurwa mumutemo, asi nhoroondo yepamutemo yepamutemo inoratidza tsanangudzo imwecheteyo iyo Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States rakagamuchira nyaya dzakatarisana neHerection Discrimination in Employment Act rinofanira kushandiswa. Pasi pemutsananguro iyo, kukanganisa kunofadza kana mufambiro wevashandi aive achiziva kana asingatyi mukusaremekedza mutemo.

Mari . Murairo, pamusana pekutsanangurira kwemudare, unobvumira mubhadharo wemhosva dzemhosva, nyanzvi dzemhosva dzemupupuriro, nemimwe mitero yemhosva kune vanomanikidzira vanobudirira vanochengetedza mazano avo pachavo. Uyezve, mutemo unorega kubhadhara mari yematare kana mari kune mumwe munhu anounza sutu.

Declaratory judgments . Vanhu chete vanozviti kodzero pasi pemutemo vanogona kuunza mhosva. Maererano nemitemo yemutemo, chinangwa chayo ndechekudzivirira vashandirwi, zvirongwa zvepensheni, kana masangano ekubvisa matanho ekuzivisa maitiro ekutonga kusarudza zvingangoita zvevashandi.