Kuve mushandi wekushanda pasina zvibvumirano zvebasa zvakagara zvave chido kune vazhinji vashandi veAmerica. Chii chiri nani kunze kwekukwanisa kuisa maawa ako, nekushanda kupi uye nguva yaunoda?
Kune mumwe munhu wese akasarudza kushanda mune gig economy asi, kune vamwe vakaguma ipapo kuburikidza nekusarudzwa kwavo. Vamwe vashandi vave vachiita basa rega sevanoshandira vakavimba nevashandi vechibvumirano kuti vasapedze mari yehutano uye zvimwe zvingabatanidzwa nekutakura vashandi venguva yakazara. Uyewo, vashandi vakawanda vakwegura vakadzingwa munguva yekudarika kukuru uye vakasarudza basa ravo sekupedzisira, sezvo vakanga vasina kukwanisa kudzorerazve basa rechimiro.
Chigumisiro chave chave kubuda kwehupfumi hwenyika apo vashandi vanobatwa nevashandi kuti vashandise purojekiti kunze kwechiremera (kana zvikomborero ) chomushandi anoramba aripo . Vanhu vakadai sevatambi, vaimbi, vashandi vekubudisa mafirimu, uye nemaoko emapurazi emwaka nguva dzose vakabva kune rimwe gig kuenda kune gig, asi iye zvino maitiro akawedzera mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda kunyanya mumashandiro emabasa.
Kakawanda Maitiro Ekuzvipira Kwebasa
The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) inoshuma kuti basa roga roga rakaramba richidzika kubva muna 1994 kusvika muna 2015.
Muna 1994 chiyero chekuita basa chakanga chiri 12.1 muzana, uye gore ra2015 chiyero chakanga chichiri kusvika ku10.1 muzana yevashandi. Uku kuderera kunogona kutsanangurwa muchidimbu nekuderedza kwakakosha kwebasa rekurima panguva iyoyo, kubva kune vashandi vakawanda vepurazi vanga vane minda yavo uye vaishanda ivo pachavo, kana vashandi vekuenda kune dzimwe nyika.
Mukuwedzera, zvishomanana zvivako zvishomanana zvekutengesa zvinowanikwa zvino nekutonga kwemall uye mabhokisi ebhokisi.
Zvisinei, The Harvard Business Review (HBR) inotaura kuti kunyange zvazvo nhamba yevashandi vanozvishanda yakasarudzwa nehurumende yakaramba iripo nguva dzose kubvira muna 2000, nhamba chaiyo yevashandi vanozvimirira yakawedzera. HBR inofanidza musiyano kune tsanangudzo inoremekedzwa yekuzvishanda yakashandiswa ne BLS.
Hurumende inoda kuti vatsvakurudzo vatsva vataure chimwechete chebasa kubva pane zvingasarudzwa zvitatu: hupfumi, hurumende, kana kuti kushanda. Vashandi venguva pfupi, vanhu vaizvishanda ivo pachavo, uye vashandi vechibvumirano vose vangangodaro vakadzingwa muongororo yehurumende.
Mckinsey Global Institute yakatsvaga vanhu 8 000 muUnited States neEurope uye vakafungidzira kuti 20 muzana - 30 muzana yevashandi vaiita "mune imwe nzira yekuzvipira basa."
Makambani Trends muGig Economy
Mikana yekuzvipira-basa yakaratidza zvakasiyana zvakasiyana mumakambani akasiyana-siyana. Maererano ne LinkedIn, vatengesi vakashandura mabhizimisi mukati memwedzi 12 yakapfuura vakananga ku:
- Healthcare (+11 muzana)
- Real Estate (+10 muzana)
- Kuvakwa (+8 muzana)
- Mari (+8 muzana)
- Software / IT Services (+5 muzana)
Mamwe maindasitiri akaratidza kuderedzwa kwenhamba yevashandi vanozvishanda:
- Public Safety (-16 muzana)
- Zvokutengesa (-12 muzana)
- Mashizha (-11 muzana)
- Varaidzo / Kufamba (-9 muzana)
- Zvekurima (-8 muzana)
Mabasa Anowanzoitirwa Freelance Employment
Maererano neUpwork, inotungamirirwa neinternet network inobatanidza freelancers kune vashandirwi, vanozivikanwa vanozvimiririra mabasa vanosanganisira: vakagadziri uye zvisikwa, webhu, vashambadziri uye vanogadzira software, vanyori vekutsigira mahofisi, vanyori nevashanduri, mahofisi / vezvemari / vadzidzisi vezvekutsvaga, IT uye vanobatanidza nhaurirano, vatengesi / kutengesa / vashandi vebasa rekuita, vanyori / maparamende, vanjiniya nevakagadziri, uye deta scientists / nyanzvi dzinoongorora.
Kuchengetedza kunotarisawo hutano hwemusha, vashandi vezvemishonga, uye vanoendesa vatyairi semamwe mabasa ane mikana yekukura yevadelancers.
Ikoko Mabasa Api - uye Haasi
Maererano neBhS, 21 dzinoti dzaive nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemabasa kupfuura huwandu hwenyika yose hwe10.1 muzana muna 2015. Ihurumende nematunhu akakwirira inosanganisira:
- Montana 16.1 muzana
- Maine 15.4 muzana
- Vermont 14.4 muzana
- South Dakota 14.2 muzana
Makumi makumi maviri namapfumbamwe enyika inotaura kuti yakanga iri nehuwandu hwekuzvishanda. Vakaderera pane:
- District of Columbia 7.1 muzana
- Delaware 7.2 muzana
- Alabama 7.5 muzana
Kuzvipira-Basa Nezera
Vose vane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu nevekare vaiva nepamusoro pekushanda pabasa pa24,1 kubva muzana, kuteverwa nevaya vane makore 55 kusvika ku 64 pa14,7 muzana, makore makumi mashanu kusvika kune makumi mashanu nemashanu kubva ku11,8 muzana, makore makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika kune makumi mana nemashanu kubva pa10,1 muzana, 25 kusvika ku 34 ane makore makumi mashanu kubva ku57 muzana, uye makore 16 kusvika kumakore makumi maviri namana makumi mana nemazana maviri nemana makumi mana nemazana maviri nemakumi maviri.
Kuzvipira-Basa NeGender
Varume vainyanya kuve vanozvishanda pa12.3 kubva muzana, asi 7.5 kubva muzana yevakadzi vakanga vari voga.
Kuzvipira-Kushanda Nechikoro Chekudzidzisa
Nhamba dzebasa roga-roga dzakasiyana-siyana, asi kwete zvinoshamisa, nehuwandu hwekuwana dzidzo yepamusoro maererano neB BLS. Vaya vashandi vaiva nedzidzo dzezvesa kana dzechiremba vakanga vasingashamisi uye vane ruzivo rwakawanda rwekuita basa:
- 21,3 muzana yevanhu vane dhigirii rezvenyanzvi, dzakadai sechiremba, magweta, uye vagadziri vanochengeta mararamiro emunhu oga, vakanga vazvishanda.
- 16.6 muzana yevaya vane chiremba chiremba vakashanda pasina.
- Vashandi vane chikoro chesekondari uye avo vane chikoro chebhasikiti vaiva nehuwandu hwekuita basa hwe11.2 muzana.
- Vaya vaiva nedhigirii yechipinda vakapinda pa 9,3 muzana.
Kuzvipira Kubasa Nenyika Yekutanga uye Race
Vashandi vakaberekerwa kune dzimwe nyika vakanga vachida kuva vashandi voga kunze kwevamwe vavo vakaberekerwa muUnited States. Kuyera kwekushanda kwevanhu vakaberekerwa kune dzimwe nyika kwakange kune 11.2 muzana uye chete 9,8 muzana yevashandi vekuzvarwa.
Vashandi vemazuva (10,9 kubva muzana) vainyanya kuve vanozvishanda kune Black / African American (5.2 muzana), Asian (9.6 muzana), kana Latinos (8.3 muzana).
Kuzvipira-Basa: Nokusarudza Kana Kufurirwa?
LinkedIn ProFinder inorondedzera kuti yevashandi vekutsvaga vakaongororwa, vanopfuura 50 muzana vakanga vane zvirongwa zvekusadzokera kumabasa ezvenguva yakazara ehurumende uye vaida kushanda voga. Vanenge makumi maviri kubva muzana vanoti vanozoita zviyero zvitanhatu kana kupfuura gore rino kubva pa freelancing.
Sangano reMckinsey Global Institute rakaratidza kuti 70 muzana yevashandi vanozvishanda vakasarudza vakasununguka kuti mamiriro acho ezvinhu sepokutanga kana kuti mamwe mabhadharo ekuwana mari. Vakasara makumi matatu kubva muzana zvevanhu vanozvishanda vakanga vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro sekuti "vanyengeri" avo vaizofarira tsika dzezvemabasa kana kuti "vane mari yakasungwa" avo vakamanikidzwa kuwedzera mari yavo kuburikidza nebasa rakazvimirira.
Vashandi vaive vachiita basa rekuzvitsvaga vangangodaro vasina basa uye vazhinji vanogona kupa zvishoma kana kuti vasina mari kubva kune zvavanenge vachiita. Saka, nhamba dzisingabatsiri dzinogona kurega zvizere boka iri revashandi vanogona kupindura sevanozvishanda kuti vaongorore hurumende.
Zvirongwa Zvenguva Yemberi yeGig Economy
Kunyange imishonga yeB BL inenge isiri yezvokurima-basa inowedzera nekusvika 7 kubva muzana kubva muna 2014 - 2024. Intuit inofungidzirwa yepamusoro yepamusoro yekuzvishanda (43 muzana) ne2020. Izvi zvinenge zvichishushikana nekuwanikwa kwezvakanaka kutengesa uye kutarisirwa kwehutano kwevashandi vasingashamwaridzani nevashandi panguva yakazara .
Mune kumwe kuongororwa kwevashandi veUnited States vanosvika 2700 neSuzBooks, nhamba yevashandi vanozvipira ichawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni makumi mana nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri. Makore ane mazana emakore anoonekwa seanonyanya kugadziriswa kune basa rekuzvipira, uye anorongedzerwa muchidzidzo ichi kuti ave 42% -vashandi vakashanda.
Nhamba dzehuwandu hwemabasa dzakapiwa neBore of Labor Statistics ' Kuzvigadzirira muUnited States (2016)