The History and Highlights of the Next Generation Air Traffic System
NextGen iri pfupi kune System Generation Air. purogiramu ye FAA yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwemazuva ano kwenyika yepasi airs system pamwe nekubatsirana kwebhizimusi rose. NextGen haisi purogiramu imwe chete; inoumbwa nehuwandu hwemagadzirirwo akaitwa kuita kuti airspace system ibudirire.
Pasina kunyatsoongorora zvikamu zveNextGen, zvingava zvakaoma kunzwisisa zvinotevera Gen ndezvechokwadi uye nei ichiita mari yakawanda yekuita.
Pasi pane muongorori wezvinyorwa zveNextGen.
History & Development
Chiratidzo cheWedGen chakaumbwa mumavambo ekutanga kwema2000. Yakatanga kutora chimiro muna December 2003 sechikamu cheChiratidzo 100-Century cheAviation Air Relief Authority Act . MunaJanuary 2004, Dhipatimendi rekutakura rakashambadzira chirongwa cheNextGen: Ichange iri yemasangano akawanda, akawanda-makore emakore ekufambisa kwemaitiro emhepo inozoenderera mberi mune ramangwana makore makumi maviri nemashanu.
Muna December 2004, DOT yakabudisa Sangano Rokubatanidza reWorld Generation Air Transportation System , iro rakarondedzera zvinangwa uye zvinotevera zveNextGen.
NextGen yakakamurwa kuva nguva pfupi (2004-2012), pakati pemazuva (2012-2020) uye kwenguva refu (2020-2030 uye mberi) zvinangwa uye zviratidzo.
Maererano ne FAA, kushanda nekuchengetedza zvirongwa zveNextGen zvinodhura madhora mazana matatu emadhora mabhiriyoni kusvika muna 2030. FAA yakataura zvakare kuti mari inoshandiswa kubva kune imwe chete yezvirongwa inotarisirwa kuva $ 106 mabhiriyoni.
NextGen Benefits
- Nzira iri nani yekutambira vafambi nevashandi
- Mafuta ekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vanofambisa ndege
- Kupera kwekubuda kwemhepo kunokonzerwa nemigwagwa yakajeka uye yakajeka uye nzira
- Kuderedza kupatsanurwa zvishoma
- Kuderedza kusanganiswa
- Kutaurirana zviri nani pane airspace system nevashandisi varo
- Kunyoresa kusvikirwa kwehuwandu hwemashoko
- Kuvandudzwa kwebhokisi rekombiyuta
Specific NextGen Components
ADS-B : Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast inzira yakarurama uye yakavimbika kupfuura yeRADAR system iripo iye zvino. ADS-B ichaparadzira ruzivo rwemhepo dzakadai sokukurumidzira, nzvimbo, uye nzira dzevatungamiri vemigwagwa uye dzimwe ndege dzinobatanidzwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemasayenzi eredhiyoyo uye zvivako zvepasi. Ndege inofanira kuve yakagadzirirwa kugovera.
SWIM : System-Wide Information Management ndiyo chirongwa icho FAA yakagadzira kuti itarisire zviri nani ruzivo pamusoro pemigwagwa yakasiyana-siyana. SWIM ichagadzirisawo maitiro uye kuchengeteka kwemashoko anhasi.
Kukurukurirana Dhiyabhorosi : Iyo inozivikanwawo seData Comm, ino inopa nzira itsva yevatyairi vevatyairi nevatungamiriri kuti vawane ruzivo mune imwe digital format, kunyanya kuendeswa kwemashoko ekugadzirisa, kutarisa nzira uye mirayiridzo kubva kuvaridzi kune vanofambisa ndege uye kumashure.
ZVINOKOSHA : Aviation Safety Information Analysis & Purogiramu yekugoverana inoshandiswa kusimbisa nhoroondo dzekuchengetedza mune imwe nheyo yepamusoro yekuwana nyore nyore uye kuongorora kwakanaka.
PBN uye Kuderedza Kuparadzaniswa Kwemaitiro: FAA inoronga kuderedza kupatsanurana kwemaikironi nekubatsira kweAdS-B nePBN, kana nzira dzekushanda-Based Navigation. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana ndeyokutarisa, pamwe nekuwedzera kwekodzero kuburikidza neRNAV neRNP maitiro.
TBO: Trajectory-Based Operations zvinoreva kuti kutarisa kwemafambisi emhepo kuchaenda kure nemabasa ekugadzirisa-uye kuenderera mberi kune nzira inotarisana-siyana maererano nemashoko akazvigadzirisa.
Kutsika-Kuoneka Kushanda : NextGen inosanganisira kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro mashoma-kuonekwa nekushandiswa kweHeads-Up Display (HUDs), Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS) uye Ground Based Augmentation System Landing System III, iyo ichapa nzira yekuita ndege -mamiriro ekudzika-kuonekwa.
Airport Improvement Program: Kuongorora nekuenderera mberi kwekufambisa ndege uye kumhanya kunobatsira kukwanisa uye kushanda.
Zvokufambisa Zvokufambisa Zvokufambisa: Kuvandudzwa kweCocpitpit kuchauya nemisangano yeTIS-B neFIS-B yemugwagwa uye mamiriro ekushandurwa kwemamiriro ekunze mujeri, EFBs, iyo inopa huwandu hwemashoko mumagetsi ehurongwa, uye Synthetic Vision Systems, iyo inopa huwandu hwemashoko ezvepasirapu kune cockpit. Uyewo, Kuenda Kunotyisa kune SWIM (AAtS) kuchapa vashandi vendiza kuwana nguva chaiyo yeSIMIM. Imwe purogiramu inonzi Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS-X) ichashanda seTCAS, asi ine majekesi mashoma.
NVS : NAS Voice System ichavandudza hupfumi hwekukurukurirana, kunyanya kushandura kunobatanidzwa mumagetsi ekutungamirira kwekutengesa, kuti zvigadzirise kutaurirana kwemazuva ano kwehutachiona hwemhepo.
Sangano rekufambisa kwemafambisi ekufambisa emhepo (CATMT) : CATMT inonyanya kushandiswa kwekubatana pamwe nekugoverana kwepakati pakati pemamenenja emigwagwa yepamhepo kuti zvivandudzire migwagwa dzezvikwata, kuronga nzira nekutsvaga kunonoka.
Kubatsirana Kwenheyo Service-Weather (CSS-Wx) : CSS-Wx yainzi inonzi NNEW, kana NextGen Network Inonzi Weather. Muna 2016, FAA inotanga kuparadzira hutano hwemamiriro ekunze hunobva pane imwe nzvimbo chete. Mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika achagadzirwa ne FAA neAAA uye inopiwa paNewGen Weather Processor (NWP) itsva.
AIRE: AIRE inomiririra Atlantic Interoperability Initiative yekuderedza kubudiswa kwezvinhu, uye iri chirongwa chekubambisana kwepasi rose pakati peUnited States neEuropean Commission kuti ishande kumagadzirirwo ezvemamiriro okunze mune mhepo.