Maitiro mapurisa, mapurminologist uye vatungamiri vemunharaunda vanoshanda pamwechete
Nhoroondo yekutanga yezvinyorwa zvose zvekupomerwa mhosva seyese uye yepamapurisa inonyanya kuratidzira nzira shomanana yemasangano ekupara mhosva. Sezvo nharaunda dzakakura uye dzichibva dzikavapo , vashandi vezvakaipa vakatanga kutarisisa zvakanyanya nzira dzekudzivirira kuparwa kwemhosva, asi panguva imwechete hurumende dzenyika dzakatanga kutora basa rakawanda mukuita mapurisa vagari vavo .
Purofesa Goldstein uye Problem-Oriented Policing
Kunyangwe uku kushanduka kwakaenderera mberi nhasi, mitemo yemitemo yakatanga kushanduka zvinoshamisa mushure mePurofesa Herman Goldstein akaunza pfungwa yezvinetso zvinotarisana nematambudziko muna 1979. Maonero eGoldstein akapararira muUnited States yose uye nokukurumidzira kutungamirira kukurudzirwa kwechirevo ichi chave chichionekwa sevanhu vanogara mapurisa.
Kuvaka Kutevedzwa Kwemutemo uye Kubatana Kwemagariro
Rutsigiro rwemagariro evanhu ndiwo mugumo webasa rekuchera mapurisa nevatsvakurudzi zvakafanana. Iko pfungwa inoshandura pfungwa kubva pakuita nekuita.
Mumapurisa apfuura mapurisa, mahofisi emapurisa akashandisa huwandu hwakawanda hwehupfumi uye vane simba vanoita zvemhosva dzainge dzatoitwa. Pane kudaro, kugadzirisa matambudziko ekugadzirisa mapurisa uye zvigaro zvaro zvinotsigira hukama hwekuvaka kudzivirira mhosva. Nheyo dzinokosha dzemapurisa anotarisana nevanhu vanovimba nezvezvinhu zviviri zvakakosha: kushamwaridzana kwevanhu uye kugadzirisa matambudziko.
Mapurisa anotarisana nevanhu anounza mapurisa, vabati vehurumende uye vagari vomunharaunda uye vatungamiri vemunharaunda pamwe chete kuti vaone uye kuongorora zvinetso mumunharaunda uye kushanda pamwechete kuti vavadzidzise. Hazvirevi kungofunga nezvemapurisa chete nezvezvinetso asiwo zvekuchiva, zvido, uye zvinotarisirwa zvevanhu munharaunda mukugadzira mhinduro yakakodzera.
Kuburikidza nehukama hwemunharaunda, mapurisa anovaka kuvimba uye kuenzanirana nemunzvimbo dzavanoshumira. Ive yakaratidza kuti inokosha mukuwana kubatanidzwa kubva kumapoka ayo munguva yakapfuura aida chaizvo zvishoma kuita nekutongwa kwemitemo.
Chinetso Kugadzirisa uye SARA Model muPurisa
Rutsigiro rwemagariro evanhu hunoshandisa nzira yeSARA yekugadzirisa matambudziko kuti iuye nemigumisiro yakareba yekupara mhosva iyo isingapindirani nehurumende yehurumende yehurumende uye nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa nekuchinja mafungiro.
SARA inotsanangurwa neC Scanning, Analysis, Response, uye Kuongorora, uye inoreva matanho makuru ekugadzirisa matambudziko nekuita zvisarudzo. Iko muenzaniso weSARA unosanganisira zvinhu zvina zvinokosha.
Kuongorora kunosanganisira kutarisa mapurogiramu emabasa ekuoma, kusanganisira vakaurayiwa, nzvimbo, nemhando dzemhosva. Zvinoda kuongorora dambudziko racho, maonero echinetso chekudzivirira kwemitemo uye kunze kwevamwe pamwe chete, uye kuongororwa kwekuoma kwematambudziko.
Chikamu chinotevera chekugadzirisa matambudziko chimiro chekuongorora, izvo zvinosanganisira kutarisa midzi dzinokonzera matambudziko kana nyaya dzinowanikwa. Mashoko anowanikwa kubva kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvinyorwa zvemhosva uye nhengo dzenharaunda dzinobatwa zvakananga nehurukuro. Zvinokonzera matambudziko zvinogona kusanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira vavakidzani uye maonero emunharaunda ekudzivirira kwemitemo ivo pachavo.
Kana imwe nguva chikonzero chichizivikanwa, vakuru vezvemitemo vachashanda pamwe chete nevanharaunda kuti vauye uye vagoita mhinduro yakakodzera, yakareba kwenguva refu. Mushure mokunge mhinduro yacho ichishandiswa, kuongorora kunoramba kuripo kunotarisirwa kuti kuongorore kushanda kwegadzirisa uye kugadzirisa zvakakodzera.
Kutsvaga Zvirongwa Zvenguva refu Mapurisa Nemasangano
Nzira yemapurisa inotarisana nemasangano inobvumira mapurisa, maitiro emhosva, uye vamwe vezvematongerwo enyika vezvematongerwo enyika kuti vashandire pamwe chete kuti vawane zvinokonzera kuparwa kwemhosva.
Nokushandisa mazano ehutano-hunotungamira mapurisa, vashandi vemitemo vanoona mitemo yakareba kwenguva refu uye vanoramba vachikurudzira kuvimba pakati pevagari vese vanovashumira uye vanobatsira kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakachengeteka.