Draft And Selective Service Registration History
F kana makore anodarika makumi mashanu, Selective Service (the Draft) uye kudiwa kwekunyora kwevarume vechidiki veAmerica vave vachishanda sehurongwa hwekuchengetedza hupi kuti hupe simba kuvanhu veAmerica Armed Forces. Zvisinei, muna 2016, Senate yakaronga Bhiri kubvumira vakadzi kuti vanyore pakunyora. Congress yakachengetedza pfungwa uye mikana yekuve mutemo yakadzika kwazvo sezvo kune maonero mazhinji akasiyana pamusoro peGwaro rose rekuita basa rechiuto .
IUnited States haisati yashandura zvinyorwa kubva muna 1973 uye pane nharo yekubvisa zvachose mutemo.
Dzimwe Nhoroondo dzeDhidhiro
Mutungamiri Franklin Roosevelt vakasayina Selective Training and Service Act ya1940 iyo yakagadzira nyika yekutanga yekugadzirisa nguva yorugare uye yakagadza sarudzo Service System sehurumende yakasununguka yehurumende mukati meDhipatimendi reZviviri.
Kubva muna 1948 kusvika muna 1973, panguva yekugara nguva yorugare uye nguva yekukakavara, varume vakanyorerwa kuzadza mishonga mumauto akashonga asingagoni kuzadzirwa kuburikidza nenzira dzokuzvidira.
Kuratidzwa kwejotori - yekutanga kubva muna 1942 - yakabatanidzwa musi waDecember 1, 1969, paSelective Service National Headquarters muWashington, DC Chiitiko ichi chakagadza mutemo wekudanwa kwekugadziriswa panguva yegore rekutanga ra1970, kureva kuti, kune vakanyorwa vakaberekwa pakati peJanuary 1, 1944 uye musi waDecember 31, 1950. Kudzoka-sangano kwekotori kwaive kuchinja kubva kune imwe yekare kare nzira, iyo yakanga iri nzira inogadzirisa yekugadzirisa kurongeka kwekushevedza.
366 mapurasitiki epurasitiki ane zvinyorwa zvekuberekwa akaiswa muhombe huru yegirazi uye akabatwa noruoko kuti ape urongwa-hwe-foni nhamba kune varume vose mukati me18-26 age range yakataurwa muSelective Service mutemo.
Neredhiyo, firimu neTV, iyo capsules yakatorwa kubva muhari, yakazaruka, uye mazuva ari mukati mavo.
Mutsara wokutanga - wakakwidzwa naCongressman Alexander Pirine (R-NY) weKomiti yeArmed Services - yaiva nemusi weSeptember 14, saka vanhu vose vakazvarwa musi waSeptember 14 mugore rose kubva pakati pa1944 na1950 vakagoverwa nejeri nhamba 1. Mifananidzo yakaenderera mberi kusvikira mazuva ose egore ainge akaenzana nejotori nhamba.
Muna 1973, zvinyorwa zvakaguma uye veUnited States vakatendeukira kune rimwe remauto-Volunteer.
Kudiwa kwekunyoresa kwakamiswa munaEpril 1975. Yakadzorerwazve muna 1980 neMutungamiri Carter pakupindura kuSoviet kunopinda kweA Afghanistan. Kunyora kunopfuurira nhasi senhare yakatarisana nekunyoresa kuwanda kwenhamba yevashumiri inodiwa mune ramangwana remangwana
Mharidzo yakashandurwa sei kubva kuVietnam
Kana kudhindwa kwave kwakaitwa nhasi, kwaizove kwakasiyana zvakasiyana nezvakaitwa panguva yeHondo yeVietnam. Rutsva rwekushandurwa mukati mekupedzisira kwehutano hweVietnam kwakachinja nzira iyo yakashandiswa kuti iite kuti ive yakarurama uye yakaenzana. Kana kudhinda kwave kwakaitwa nhasi, pane zvikonzero zvishoma zvekuregerera murume kushanda.
Pamberi peCongress yakagadziridza kugadziriswa kwekunyora muna 1971, murume aikwanisa kukodzera kudzidzira mudzidzi kana akaratidza kuti aiva mudzidzi wenguva yakazara achiita kufambira mberi kunogutsa kusvika kuchikoro.
Pasi pemutemo wemazuva ano, mudzidzi wekoroji anogona kuderedzwa kupedzisa kusvikira pakupera kwemesester ino. Munhu mukuru anogona kuchinjwa kusvikira pakuguma kwegore redzidzo.
Nhoroondo yakagadzirirwa nhasi ingashandisa lottery kuti ione urongwa hwekushevedza.
Pamberi pejoteri isati yaitwa mune zvekupedzisira kwehondo yeVietnam, mapurisa emunharaunda ainzi varume vaisarudza 1-A, 18 1/2 kusvika pamakore makumi maviri nemashanu, vakuru kupfuura vose. Izvi zvakaguma nekusava nechokwadi kwezvinogona kukonzerwa panguva yose yaive vari mukati mezvinyorwa-zvakakodzera makore eboka. Gwaro rakagadzirirwa nhasi raigona kushandisa bhatikiti pasi apo murume aizopedza gore rimwechete mukutanga pakutanga kwezvinyorwa - kana gore rekarenda iye akatarisa makore makumi maviri kana gore gore rake rakapera. Gore roga roga mushure meizvi, aizoiswa muchikwata chekutanga chepamusoro uye chikamu chake chekunyora chikaderera zvishoma.
Nenzira iyi, aizodzivisa kusava nechokwadi kwekumirira kusvika zuva rake rekuberekwa kwema 26 kuti ave nechokwadi kuti aisazoshandurwa.
Kubva pakuongorora kwazvo mari uye simba reSelective Service System mumamiriro ekurwisana kwemazuva ano, Hurumende yeHurumende yekuzvidavirira (GAO) yakakurudzira kuti US Department of Defense (DOD) iongororezve kudiwa kwayo kweSelective Service System.