Svika Pakuziva Kurongeka Kwemagetsi uye Zvikamu
Iyo yakarongeka uye zvigadziro zve ndege inotsanangurwa pasi apa, kusanganisira fuselage, mapapiro, horizontal stabilizer, nekugadzira simba, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvakagadziriswa uye fomu yakagadzirwa.
Fuselage
Iyo fuselage ndiyo chikamu chikuru chendiza, iyo iri pakati pese ndege. Ndiyo nzvimbo iyo vatasviki nemitoro inowanzobatwa uye chikamu chendiza iyo mapapiro uye emennage zvakabatanidzwa.
Icho chaicho chikuru, chinoputika chubhu chinoputira kumashure.
Wings
Mapapiro acho anonamatira fuselage kune rumwe rutivi. Mapapiro acho ndiwo anokonzera kukwira ndege. Vanosungirirwa pedyo nepamusoro pefuselage pamakwikwi epamusoro-wing seCessna's 162 uye pasi pefuselage pamapuraneti ari pasi-mapapiro, akadai seTerrafugia Transition. Pamberi pepiko inonzi inotungamirira kumusoro uye kumashure kwephipi kunonzi "trailing edge".
Iphiko rinobatanidzwa pamwe chete uye rinotsigirwa nesimbi spars, nyere, uye maketani, uye yakafukidzwa nejasi, aluminium kana boka rinoputika. Pamugumo wephipi (muganhu wekutsvaga), unogona kuwana aileron uye zviputi, izvo zvinoshandura maitiro ephipi kuti zvigadzire zvishoma kana zvishoma kuderera kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvekutiza.
- Aileron: The aileron inowanika pedyo nechokumusoro kwephiko padivi rekutarisa. Iyo mhepo yakagadzirwa nemakona akafanana nemakona akabuda kunokanganisa mhepo inoyerera pamusoro pephiko. Ailerons anoshandiswa kuchinja ndege. Vanoshanda nokuvhiringidza mhepo inoyerera pamusoro peapiro, iyo inoita kuti zvinhu zviwedzere kune rimwe bapiro kupfuura rimwe.
- Flaps: Flaps ndiwo mapurisa maduku akawanikwa kumucheto kwechechipiro chiri pedyo nefuselage. Zvipfeko zvinogona kuwedzerwa kuti kuwedzere mapapiro panzvimbo, zvichiita kuti pave nekusimudzwa kwekutora uye kuburuka. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemaputi; zvigadzirwa zvinosiyana nema ndege. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira Chidimbu cheArain, chidimbu chinoputika, chidimbu chinoparadzaniswa, Fowler flap, uye flotler Fowler flap.
Empennage
Iyo imennage inosanganisira staller vertical ("muswe" wendege) uye yakadzikama yakadzikama kana stabilator.
- Kudzora: Chifambiso chikamu chinotenderera chechigadziri chechimiro chinobvumira ndege kuti iende kuruboshwe kana kurudyi pamusoro pechirindi chehini ye ndege. Ngarava inobatanidza netsoka dzetsoka mumubhedha wendege, uye
- Elevator: The elevator iri pane chikamu chekumusoro chegadziriro yakasimba. Iyo inofamba ichikwira uye ichidzika kuitira kuti mhepo yegege iende kumusoro kana pasi. The elevator inobatanidzwa nejoko. Kana iwe ukange uchida kudzoka pajoko mujongwe, iyo yekusimudza yaizosimudzirwa kumusoro, ichimanikidzira chigadziriswe chakakosha kuti chiende pasi uye mhepo yemapurisa ichikwira.
- Stabilator: Stabilator yakafanana nechepamusoro yakadzikama asi haisati iine elevator. Iyo stabilator imwe huru yakakura yezvinhu zvine anti-servo tab inowedzera se trim tab.
- Trim Tab: Trim tabs zviduku zviduku zvakagadzirirwa zvakagadzirirwa pamucheto unotenderera wegadziriro yakasimba. Izvo zvinotarisirwa kutamiswa zvishoma nezvishoma, sezvinogadzwa nomutyairi, kuvhara simba rekugadzirisa uye kuita kuti ndege isave nyore kubata.
Powerplant
Pombi yekubwinya inosanganisira injini uye injini dzose, iyo propeller, uye magetsi.
Inogona kuve iri pamberi pe fuselage ye ndege kana kumberi kwegege. Muinjini-injini ndege, injini dzinowanikwa pasi pemapapiro kune rumwe rutivi.
Landing Gear
Nzvimbo dzekutakura pane ndege dzakawanda dzinosanganisira magumbo nemakumbo. Dzimwe ndege dzine skis kana kuti dzinofamba kuitira kuti dziwande pamusoro pechando kana mvura, zvichienderana. Chimbo chenyika chisingasaruri-ndege chinenge chichizove chakakosha mabhiriyumu kugadzirisa gear kana magareji anowanzogadzirisa gear. Tricycle gear zvinoreva kuti pane mavhiri maviri makuru ane bhuni rinoputira mberi. Pama ndege nemagetsi , pane magira maviri makuru ane gumbo rimwe mushure, pasi pemuswe. Ndege inowanzogadzirisa magasi inowanzoti tailwheel ndege kana taildraggers.
Ndezvizhinji ndege dziri kutungamirirwa pasi nekushandiswa kwechikwata chechikwata chinotarisa kugadzirisa gear.
Chikwata Chekwangwani
Ndege inogona kugadzirwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu uye nzira, kusanganisira tambo, monocoque, semi-monocoque uye zvinyorwa.
Nheyo yechemberi ndiyo yakwegura yakarongeka uye inogadzirwa nekutengesa tubes pamwe chete kuti igadzire ruvara rutsanga. Inogona kusara yakazaruka kana yakavharwa nejira kana shini yechuni, asi haisi yeaerodynamic ndiyo nzira dzemazuva ano.
Zvigadziro zveMococoque zvinonyanya kushandiswa nemaitiro nemucheka wakatambanudzwa kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sealuminium peputi pamusoro pegadziriro yakashama. Izvo zviri nyore uye dzakasimbiswa zvakasimba kumativi ose, asi mukati mechikamu chacho haigoni kumira zvakanyanya kunze kwekumanikidza.
Semi-monocoque ndege dzakagadzirwa nenzira yakafanana se monocoque, asi nekatsigirwa kwakasimbiswa uye imwe nzvimbo.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinova zvakakurumbira uye zvinoshandiswa mundiro dzemazuva ano kazhinji. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopenya uye zvine simba kudarika saruminiyumu. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakadai seka carbon fiber uye fiberglass yepamusoro inodhura kupfuura zvinhu zvepanyama asi hazvisi nyore kutora uye kupera kwesimbi.