Donald Trump akashandura zvakanyanya Boeing pamari inofungidzirwa yezera rinotevera Air Force One ndege . Pasinei nokuti maonero ake anoita sarudzo yeBoing inoramba ichionekwa. Uye kunyange iwe kana ini tisingazobhururuka neAir Force One chero nguva pfupi iri kutevera, kuchinja kunofadza kunowanzoitika mumakambani epambani yemhepo iyo ichachinja nzira iyo vanhu vanofamba nayo, uye yaenda zvisinganzwisisiki nemunhu kunze kwemhizha.
Iyo jumbo jet iri kuenda. Iyo injini mina-injini yekutakura yakawanda inowanikwa mumhando yeEpiic Boeing 747 inokurumidza kuve yakafanana. I "Queen of the Skies" iri kupfuura korona yake kune imwe nguva uye yakaonda nguva dze ndege.
Yakagadzirirwa uye yakasikwa muma1960 kutakura vatasvi venyika pamusoro pemakungwa uye pasi pose, Boeing 747 yakarongerwa kuva ramangwana rekufamba kwenguva refu, transoceanic ndege. Uye kwemakore anoda kusvika makumi mashanu, yakaita chaizvo izvo. Nekukwanisa kwayo kutakura vatasviki 500 mazana makiromita (kana kuti 274,000 mapaundi anotakura kupfuura makiromita 2000) zvisati zvaitika, 747 yakapa Boeing uye US inosospace industry mumazuva anokosha munhau - nguva nenguva uye pashure peCold War.
Muna 1966, zvinopfuura 80 747 zvakabudiswa. Pakazosvika 1991 nhamba yakanga yakwira kusvika kudarika 120 sezvo bhizinesi rekutengesa mweya rakasimuka. Munguva iyi, mhizha yebhazi yepamabhiza sezvataiziva kuti yakanga yava kutochinja.
Iko-ne-akataura system yakaunza vatasvi kuenda kunzvimbo yepamusoro yekuderera kwavakakwanisa kutakurwa mukati memajine mana-injini vakanga vatove vakaoma. Vafambi vanogara vachida mafambiro chaiwo uye sezvo hubs hukuru dzichiwedzera, dzakafambisa ndege kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakananga kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepaSatani uye maduku maduku - basa rakanakisisa rakapiwa nemajinini maviri-injini seA 787 Dreamliner uye Airbus A350.
Uye sezvo aya majee anobudirira-twine-injini jets ave akatenderwa kuEETs , ari kushumira nzira dzekaransoceanic dzaimbova ruzivo rwe747. Boeing haana kumbobereka yakawanda seyendiza 7 747 zvakare, uye pashure pokunge inotora 1500th 747 muna June 2014, kambani iyi yakanga ichibereka vashoma kupfuura gumi pagore. MunaJanuary 2016, Boeing akazivisa kuti ichaderedza kudyara kwe747 kunyanya, kune zvitanhatu chete pagore.
Mazuva ano 747 iri kutariswa nemapurogiramu makuru ejin-injini-jet akadai seBoinging 777, iyo ikozvino iri kutambanudzwa kuti igare nevanhu vanopfuura 400, pamwe chete nemashanduri makuru pane bhodhi, uye Boeing 787 Dreamliner. Bhoeing anoti inogona kunge ichangobva kurega kugadzirwa kwe747 zvachose, ichitsanangura kuderera kwemigwagwa yepasi rose uye kukurumidza kukura kwemusika wekutengesa pasi rose.
Iko 747 haisi yega jumbo ndege kumativi ose. Zvimwe mairi maviri ejini-passenger jets akashanda pamisika pamwe neBoeing 747 panguva yekutonga kwayo uye ticharamba tichiona mamwe acho mumhepo kwemakore anotevera. Airbus A340 inotonga mararamiro akawanda kwenguva refu mberi kwemaini-injini ETOPS chiyeuchidzo chakava chinhu, uye Airbus A380, inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo mhinduro yenyika kumakwikwi akawanda kwenguva refu, iriwo pakuguma kana nguva yayo, kunyange zvazvo Emirates asingadi kufunga nezvazvo.
Iyo Airbus A340 ine injini ina, ichiita kuti idzivirire kumiganhu ye ETOPs uye naizvozvo chisarudzo chaicho uye chakakurumbira kune dzimwe ndege dzinoshanda kune dzimwe nyika dzinofamba ndege, asi yakakurumidza kushandiswa ne itsva uye yakavandudzwa twin-injini ndege. IA340 yakatanga kupinda mubasa muna 1993 asi kupfuura makore gumi-siyana iyo kambani yakarasikirwa zvikuru nevatengi vayo A340 kuBoing's 777 - itsva, yakawanda inotyisa uye yakareba twin-injini ndege ine mabhero uye nheyo. Boeing akakurumidza kuwana ETOPS 240 nekupfuura kwema 777 neinjini dzayo idzva, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakodzera panzvimbo yeA340 uye zvichida kuuraya chero mukana wegege yakakura. Inenge 227 ndege yeA340 yakanga ichiri kushanda sa2015, asi kugadzirwa kwakamira muna 2011.
IA380 yakave yakave iyo inofanirwa nekuchinja nguva munguva yemakambani emakwikwi uye yehupfumi hwepasi rese.
Mukuwedzera kuhupfumi hwepasi rese kupera kwekutanga kwema2000, A380 yakasangana nemarwadzo mazhinji ekukura. Nguva yekufambiswa kweA380 ingadai isina kuipa. Kuremara nemaitiro ekuderera, yakatangwa muna 2005, mushure mekugadzirirwa uye mushure mokurwiswa kwegandanga kuWorld Trade Center muNew York City musi waSeptember 11, 2001, iyo yakaratidza kushambadzira kwemakambani munyika yose uye yakakonzera kuderera kukuru kwekufamba kwemhepo uye kuderera kwenyika yose. Mukuwedzera, iyo ichangobva kugadzirwa jet-decker jumbo jet yakasangana nemarwadzo akasiyana-siyana akakura sekugadzirwa kwezvikanganiso uye nehutachiona hwehupfumi hwehupfumi. Izvi, sezvo nzira yekufambisa mhepo yakatanga kushanduka ichibatanidza zvakanakisa twin-injini jets yakafanana neA350, 777, uye 787, vatakuri vanodhura zvakanyanya uye kuderera mumigwagwa yehub-uye-inotaura zvichienderana ne-point-to- migwagwa inoratidza. Nokukwikwidzana kwakarongeka nekubudirira kwakanakisisa, ndege idzi itsva dzakakurumidza kupedza chero nzira ipi zvayo iyo A380 ingave yakave nayo. Wedzera kune izvi kuderera mumutoro wezvinhu zvose, uye hazvishamisi kuti ndege dzakatanga kuvhara A380 uye dzinodzinga mazano akadai. Airbus pakutanga yakaronga kubudisa 45 A380s pagore. Kubudiswa kwakaitwa muna 2013 pa 42 uye kwakawa zvakanyanya kubvira, uye ine ndege mbiri dzakabudiswa muna 2015.
Nhasi, Airbus inotsigira kuEmirates kwehafu yekutengesa kweA380 (Emirates yakarayira 142 kwavari) uye Boeing anotsigira pamusika wemitengo yemhepo kuitira kuti 747 igare. Muna Gumiguru 2016, UPS yakaraira ndege 14 747-8, uye kukwanisa kuwedzera kuripo kune vatakura mitoro seUPS neFedEx, vachitarisa kuwedzera kwekutengesa internet uye mabhizimisi makuru seAmazon.com. UPS uye vamwe vatengesi vemotokari vari muhutano hwakasimba kuti varambe vachikura, kunyange kukura kwafanotaurwa kunonoka kudarika zvakatarirwa. Uye British Airways inogona kunge yakasiya mari shomanana yevanomwe 747, asi yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza inenge makumi mana kana iyo yakasara 747 ndege kune makore gumi anotevera.
Ne UPS neBritain Airways ndivo ndivo chete vatambi vemauto vari mumutambo uyu, ndege iyi yakajeka icharamba iri kushanda?
Muna 2014, Delta Air Lines yakaratidza kuti yaizoparadzanisa zvikepe zvayo zveBoinging 747 ndege muna 2017. Pakazosvika 2016, ndege yacho yaingoshanda mapfumbamwe 747. Uye kutanga kwegore ra2016, United Airlines haina kutarisidzira kuti iyo ikambani ichange ichikurumidza kubvisa basa rekusara ye747s inosara, nebasa raitarisira kupedzisa zvachose muna 2018. KLM yakazivisa muna 2015 kuti ichange ichitora zvigaro zvayo zvinokwana 747, kunyange zvazvo kambani ikati iyo yakaronga kutambanudza kubvisa kwechikwata chayo chokupedzisira 22 kwenguva yakareba, kunyange kupfuura 2020. Singapore Airlines, Air France, uye Cathay Pacific, pakati pevamwe, vakagadzirawo zvirongwa zvekusarura 747. Vamwe vakatotora zvizere ma747.
Kune dzimwe ndege, zvichida kune vafambisi, uye kune zvakatipoteredza, mafuta anobudirira uye dzimwe ndege dzakabatana nemamiriro okunze, pamwe chete nemigwagwa yakajeka, inowanikwa zvakanaka. Uye saka, kufanana negungwa guru rekare, guru guru-hogging, zvikepe zvisina simba zvekudenga zvakamboona zuva ravo. Iko nguva inotyisa yevaya vakatarisa kukura kweBoing 747 mukurumbira, vakaona kuti yakashandura sei kufamba kwemafambi uye hupfumi hwepasi pose sezvataiziva, uye zvino huchatarisa kuti ibudirire kusvika kumavirazuva.